TP genetique Flashcards

1
Q

outil de base du geneticien?

A

l’arbre genealogique

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2
Q

sur combien de generations au moins faire un arbre?

A

3

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3
Q

le cancer premier facteur de risque?

A

l’age

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4
Q

cancer deux dimensions?

A

genetique et environnementale

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5
Q

3 groupes de cancer?

A
  • sporadique
  • familial
  • hereditaire
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6
Q

cancer sporadique?

A

pas vraiment d’antecedents, forme isolee

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7
Q

cancer familial?

A

environnement,…

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8
Q

cancer hereditaire?

A

porte une mutation d’un gene, personne a haut risque

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9
Q

le cancer et l’heredité?

A

le cancer n’est pas hereditaire mais une predisposition genetique oeut etre transmise

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10
Q

predispositions genetiques au cancer se transmettent selon le mode?

A

autosomal dominant

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11
Q

% cancers sporadiques
% familal
% hereditaire

A
  • 75
  • 20
  • 5
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12
Q

comment ca se passe si predisposition cancer?

A

1 allele est deletere, et un 2eme evenement abolit la fonction du gene
Ce gene sera donc different que dans les autres cellules

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13
Q

depistage genetique sequence tout le genome?

A

Non, on choisit quelques genes

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14
Q

qu’est ce qui est a la base de l’identification des predispositions au cancer?

A

antecedant familial

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15
Q

variant de signification indeterminee?

A

on arrive pas a savoir si cest un polymorphisme ou eventuellement la mutation pathogene qu’on recherche

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16
Q

combien de risque a chaque grossesse que lenfant ait des problemes?

A

2-3%