Toxicology, Pharmacology, and Nutrition

Question 1

which of the following products is NOT safe for breeding stock?
A. ivermectin
B. pyrantel
C. fenbendazole
D. febantel
E. selamectin
F. milbemycin
G. fipronil

Answer 1

D. febantel

Question 1

Which of the following products is safe and does NOT need to be avoided in breeding stock?
A. febantel (drontal plus)
B. moxidectin (advantage multi)
C. pyethrin (advantix, frontline)
D. spinosad (comfortis, trifexis)
E. flumethrin (seresto)
F. afoxolaner (nexgard)
G. fluralaner (bravecto, simparica, credelio)
H. milbemycin (interceptor)

Answer 1

H. milbemycin (interceptor)

Question 2

What should be included in the diet of pregnant dams?

Answer 2

ALL LIFE STAGES diet 1-2 months before heat cycle and throughout parturition-weaning.
+ DHA (for puppy neuronal dev)
+ Folic Acid (breed with midline defects)

Question 3

T/F: dams should not receive supplements such as calcium, raspberry leaves, and vitamin A.

Answer 3

true supplementation is dangerous.

Question 4

why are BARF diets not recommended?

Answer 4

they commonly have nutritional imbalances and lack commercial expert formulation or feeding studies.
they are also risks for salmonella, E. coli, campylobacter, toxoplasma, neosporum, and cryptosporidium

Question 5

If an owner is insisting that she feed their dog a BARF diet, what could you recommend that may decrease risks associated with this?

Answer 5

1. use human-grade food only and freeze for 1 week to reduce parasitic infection risk
2. use BalanceIt website to guide supplementing micro and macro nutrients
3. do NOT feed bitches who are going to be bred, pregnant, or lactating a raw diet. you need to take them off 6 months to reduce risk to offspring. can cause abortion or neonatal death.

Question 6

peak fertility for male dogs is ____ years of age.

Answer 6

2-5

Question 7

what ingredient does “oxystud” contain that is harmful to male fertility?

Answer 7

cottonseed meal

Question 8

What are the 4 drug categories for drug safety in pregnant/lactating animals?

Answer 8

A – probably safe, no reports of adverse effects in lab animal or women
B – safe if used cautiously; uncovered some risks but appear safe in dogs/cats
C – potential risks uncovered; use cautiously or as last resort when benefit outweighs risks.
D – contraindicated; show congenital malformations or embryotoxicity

Question 9

what antibiotic has shown to be safe in pregnant dogs?

Answer 9

amoxicillin and clvamox