Dystocia Flashcards
What causes the rectal temperature to drop at the end of parturition?
progesterone levels decreasing
Which of the following is FALSE about stage 1 of labor?
A. visible uterine contractions
B. cervix open
C. nesting, restless, anorexia, panting, secclusion behaviors occur
D. begins 24 hrs after the temperature drops
E. lasts for 6-12 hrs or longer is primiparous
A. visible uterine contractions
all of the rest of the statements are true, but uterine contractions are invisible at this time
which of the following statements is FALSE about stage 2 of labor?
A. cervix is completely dilated
B. visible abdominal contractions occur
C. lasts 12-24 hours
D. puppies born every 30 min-1 hr
E. chorioallantois membrane breaks and expels transparent yellow fluid through the vulva
C. lasts 12-24 hours
this stage lasts 2-12 hrs.
why does a dam have frequent, active pushing when the puppy enters the birth canal?
fergusons reflex is elicited
What is characterized by normal stage 3 of labor?
placenta expulsion between each puppy, so technically stage 2 and 3 cycle between one another.
What defines an ‘overdue’ pregnany?
> 65 days post ovulation
With regard to the dam’s temperature, what could indicate dystocia?
if the temp drops and stage 1 labor signs do not follow within 24 hrs.
if the temp returns to normal after it dropped and then there are no signs of welping.
T/F: if stage 1 of labor is > 12-18 hrs, this can be considered normal
false – this would be considered dystocia
Which of the following statements is NOT indicative of dystocia?
A. fetuses stuck in birth canal
B. passage of fetal fluids and no other labor signs or labor progression
C. green vulvar discharge after the puppies have been delivered
D. intermittent, weak contractions for 2-4 hrs and no pup born
E. active, frequent pushing >1 hr or >30 min without producing puppy
F. >2-3 hr between puppies born
C. green vulvar discharge after the puppies have been delivered
green discharge is only indicative of dystocia when it occurs before any puppies are born.
T/F: a dam is experiencing dystocia if she has any bloody, purulent, malodorous, or black vulvar discharge.
true
what are the 2 most common types of dystocia in the bitch?
- obstructive – either abnormal fetal presentation/position/size OR maternal abnormal birth canal
- uterine inertia – insufficient/absent uterine contractions (primary or secondary)
What are the treatment options for obstructive dystocias?
- manual correction and vaginal delivery
- c-section (if manual correction impossible)
What are the treatment options for maternal-caused dystocias?
c-section
If you are presented with a dam that has primary uterine inertia, what are the guidelines to follow prior to performing c-section?
- no puppies born yet
- no obstructions
- normal birth canal
If a dam presents to your clinic for secondary uterine inertia (with obstruction), what are your treatment options?
in these cases, the dam may have had prolonged contractions due to the obstruction and it may cause uterine fatigue and cessation of contractions.
You can attempt manual correction and vaginal delivery, but you may need to perform c-section if she is too fatigued.