Toxicology

Question 1

What is the study of the adverse effects of chemicals and other
xenobiotics (substances that are foreign to the body) on living organisms called as?

Answer 1

Toxicology

Question 2

What are examples of acute poisoning?

Answer 2

Unintentional poisonings in children and
intentional drug overdoses in adolescents or adults

Question 3

What are examples of chronic poisoning?

Answer 3

Exposures in the occupational setting, from environmental
contamination, or from long-term substance abuse

Question 4

Which act was enacted to prevent poisonings in preschool-age children from opening packaging and ingesting harmful
substances?

Answer 4

Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970

Question 5

What home remedies usage should be avoided in first aid for poisoning emergencies?

Answer 5

Saltwater, mustard powder, raw
eggs, hydrogen peroxide, cooking grease, or gagging

Question 6

List the drugs that require safety caps for storage?

Answer 6

Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen, and
all oral prescription drugs with certain exceptions (like Birth control pills and
Nitroglycerin)

Question 7

What is an emetic that has questionable effectiveness, and its use is
generally avoided?

Answer 7

Ipecac Syrup

Question 8

What process involves placing a tube into the stomach through a nostril or
the mouth and washing out the stomach contents with water or a
saline solution?

Answer 8

Gastric Lavage

Question 9

What is an example of a Cathartic?

Answer 9

Magnesium citrate

Question 10

Which drug is useful in adsorption of poisons excluding heavy metals?

Answer 10

Activated charcoal

Question 11

In what conditions activated charcoal is contraindicated?

Answer 11

Ingestion of aliphatic hydrocarbons, caustics, heavy metals (lithium, iron or lead) & simple alcohols & absence of patient’s bowel sounds

Question 12

What drugs were earlier used with activated charcoal to
decrease gastrointestinal transit time?

Answer 12

Saline cathartics

Question 13

Which procedure is used to wash out the gastrointestinal tract if iron or lithium is
ingested and when drugs are sustained-release formulations and patient
ingested illicit drugs packed in condoms?

Answer 13

Whole bowl irrigation

Question 14

What solutions are used in larger volumes of polyethylene glycol electrolyte than the amounts conventionally used for bowel
preparation for colonoscopy?

Answer 14

CoLyte,
GoLYTELY

Question 15

Who are responsible for regular review of the hospital inventory of antidotes that are stocked at hospitals?

Answer 15

PTC (Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee)

Question 16

What toxins are eliminated when multiple doses of activated charcoal given over 24–48 hours