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Medicine > toxicities and specific antidotes > Flashcards

toxicities and specific antidotes Flashcards

1
Q

antidote for acetaminophen

A

N-acetylcysteine (replenishes glutathione0

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2
Q

antidote for organophosphates

A

atropine > pralidoxime

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3
Q

antidote for amphetamines

A

NH4Cl to acidify the urine

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4
Q

antidote for antimuscarinics or anticholinergics

A

physostigmine

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5
Q

antidote for benzodiazepines

A

flumazenil

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6
Q

antidote for beta blockers

A

glucagon

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7
Q

antidote for carbon monoxide poisoning

A

100% O2, hyperbaric oxygen

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8
Q

antidote for copper or arsenic

A

penicillamine

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9
Q

antidote for cyanide (almond breath)

A

nitrite + thiosulfate or hydroxcobalamin

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10
Q

antidote for digitalis

A

anti-dig Fab fragments

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11
Q

antidote for heparin

A

protamine sulfate

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12
Q

antidote for iron

A

DeFeroxamine or deferasirox

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13
Q

antidote for lead

A

EDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine

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14
Q

antidote for mercury or arsenic or gold

A

dimercaprol or succimer

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15
Q

antidote for methanol or ethylene glycol

A

fomepizole or dialysis

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16
Q

antidote for methemagolbin

A

methylene blue or vitamin C

17
Q

antidote for TCAs

A

sodium bicarb

18
Q

antidote for warfarin

A

Vitamin K for delayed effect, fresh frozen plasma for immediate

19
Q

tPA/streptokinase urokinase e

A

aminocaproic acid

20
Q

when do we not give beta blockers

A

avoid in cocaine users and pheochromocytoma.

21
Q

what does cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning look like

A

DUMBBELSS

diarrhea, urination, miosis bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitation of skeletal muscle, lacrimation, sweating, salivation.

22
Q

what is the most common cause cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning

A

organophosphates

23
Q

what is the antidote to cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning or organophosphates

A

atropine and or pralidoxime.

24
Q

what does atropine toxicity look like

A 
HOT as a hare
DRY as a bone
RED as a beat 
BLIND as a bat 
MAD as a hatter 
increased body temperature, rapid pulse, dry mouth, flushed skin, cycloplegia, constipation, disorientation
25
Q

what can atropine do in the elderly

A

cause acute angle closure glaucoma. due to mydriasis.

26
Q

what is the antidote for atropine tox

A

physostigmine

Medicine (14 decks)

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