Totalitarian Regime

Question 1

Both authoritarian and totalitarian regimes are…

Answer 1

Non-democratic

Question 2

Are totalitarian and authoritarian regimes the same>

Answer 2

No

Question 3

Examples of totalitarian regimes

Answer 3

Nazi germany & USSR

Question 4

What are the key features of totalitarian regimes

Answer 4

1. Monistic but no monolithic
2. Intellectually elaborate ideology
3. Active mobilization of citizens
   4 Use of terror

Question 5

What is the 1st key feature of totalitarian regimes?

Answer 5

1. MONISTIC: Concentration of power in the state
   
   1. Other social institutions (church, military, business organizations) must submit
   2. Military subordination
2. MONOLITHIC: degree of political pluralism WITHIN regime

Question 6

What is the 2nd key feature of totalitarian regimes?

Answer 6

• Regime based on ideology for meaning, historical purpose to legitimize policies
  Eg. Communism: liberate working class

Question 7

What is the 3rd key feature of totalitarian regimes?

Answer 7

• Strong political support encouraged/rewarded
  • Single MASS PARTY
  • Monopolistic secondary groups (nazi youth movement)

Question 8

What is the 4th key feature of totalitarian regimes?

Answer 8

- No political opposition OR ELSE…
	• Arrests
	• Executions
	• Eg. Nazi: concentration camps
- Unpredictable limits of power (don't know what can/cant do)

Question 9

What is the history of before Nazi Germany?

Answer 9

• 1920’s Germany faced humiliation after WWI, unstable government Weimar Republic/economy
• NAZI party challenges Weimar (Hitler part of it with brownshirts)
• 1923, Hitler jailed for military coup -> writes Mein Kampf

Question 10

What is Mein Kampf

Answer 10

Hitlers book that is basis of Nazi Ideology

Question 11

What is ideology of Mein Kampf

Answer 11

1. Jews are problem
2. Superior of aryan race
3. Sees himself as leader of Aryan race (fuhrer)
   Need to expand/gain living space for germans

Question 12

How did hitler rise to power

Answer 12

• After released, reorganizes Nazi party
• Promotes party with speeches
• Nazi party runs in elections -> gain popularity
  1933: Hitler = chancellor

Question 13

How does Hitler eliminate opponents?

Answer 13

1933: suspend civil liberties/political parties outlawed
1934:
- Night of Long Knives (executes secret police)
- Chancellor/President position combined
soldiers take Hitler Oath -> army loyalty

Question 14

How did Hitler influence society?

Answer 14

3. Mobilization
   A. Nazi party and affiliated groups (nazi-sports group)
4. Censorship and propaganda
   A. Minister of propaganda: Joseph Goebbels
   Use of media (films, newspapers, radio, schools)

Question 15

How did Hitler control government

Answer 15

• Creation of Third Reich
  • Empire-restore army/pride
  • Military expansionism
  Anti-semitism: blame Jews for problem

Question 16

How did hitler attack jews

Answer 16

1935: Nuremberg Laws
- Jews stripped german citizenship
- Must wear star of david
1938: Kristallnacht
- Jewsih synagogues/buesiness destroyed
- Jews forced into ghettos/camps
Final Solution (Holocaust)
- Eliminate all non-Aryans
Killing units (SS) murder 6 million Jews