Topik 1.1 Goniometer

Question 1

Defined goniometry

Answer 1

*Greek word
“gonia”- angle
“Metron”- measure
*Measurement ROM in joint
* The measurements of angle created at human joints by bones of body

Question 2

3 Degree of freedom

Answer 2

Uniaxial- 1 degree of freedom
- movement in one plane,one axis
- elbow jt

Biaxial- 2 degree of freedom
- movement in two plane,two axis
- wrist joint

Multiaxial- 3 degree of freedom
- movement in 3 plane, 3 axis
- shoulder jt

Question 3

Purpose of ROM jt evaluation

Answer 3

• to aid in diagnosing/determining the subject’s jt function
• to reasses the subject’s after treatment and compare with initial evaluation of treatment
• to participate in vital research to improve function
• to establish existing ROM available in jt and compare with normal range dor that subject

Question 4

Factor affect ROM

Answer 4

Age; younger performance more range than adult

Gender; female more flexible compare to male

Type of ROM; either active ROM or passive ROM

Question 5

Therapist preparation

Answer 5

1. Posture/ position
   - balance/ affective weight shifting from one leg to another leg by maintain broad BOS
   - Keep close to the patient as possible
2. Support patient limb
   - to move the limb easily, therapist need to located their hands at the junction of the upper/ middle third of the segment
   - relaxed hand grasp

Question 6

Procedure

Answer 6

1. Position of the patient in testing position ( where produce greater ROM)
2. Stabilize proximal jt and gently mives distal jt
3. Demonstrate movement to be tested
4. Palpates relevant bony landmark
5. Align goniometer
6. Record starting measurements
7. Ask patient to move actively as available ROM
8. Goniometer is realigned at the same bony landmark
9. Perform same movement passively, remind patient to relax
10. Measurement is taken and recorded

Question 7

Realibility result

Answer 7

• universal goniimeter is more reliable than visual estimation
• intratester realibility better than intertester realibility
• size of goniometer does not affect measurement realibility

Question 8

What is intratester and intertester?

Answer 8

Intratester realibility is consistency of measurement taken by the same tester

Intertester realibility is by other hand and consistency measurements taken by different tester