Topics from UMichigan

Question 1

occlusion of the urethra would occur in which part of the prostate?

Answer 1

the periurethral zone - hyperplasia there would occlude the prostatic urethra

Question 2

what is the structure in females that is anterior to the rectum and firm, protruding into the vagina?

Answer 2

cervix

Question 3

the most inferior extent of the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 3

rectouterine pouch

Question 4

when the ductus deferens is ligated, what would remain in the ejaculate?

Answer 4

seminal fluid and prostatic fluid

Question 5

ovarian artery

Answer 5

has branches that also supply the uterus (anastamose with uterine artery)

Question 6

inferior vesical artery

Answer 6

supplies the inferior bladder (in males only); anastamoses with the middle rectal artery

Question 7

internal pudendal artery

Answer 7

supplies the perineum

Question 8

ovarian ligament

Answer 8

tethers the ovaries to the uterus.

Question 9

what is homologous to the male scrotum in females?

Answer 9

labia majora

Question 10

pelvic splanchnic nerves

Answer 10

preganglionic, parasympathetic fibers from the lateral horn of S2-4 –> go to the inferior hypogastric plexus (along with the lumbar and sacral splanchnics) to provide parasympathetic innervation to pelvic viscera and GI tract distal to left colic flexure

Question 11

parasympathetic innervation to the gut (up until the left colic flexure)

Answer 11

posterior vagus nerve

Question 12

Boundaries of the perineum:

Answer 12

anterior: pubic symphysis
anterolateral: ischiopubic rami
lateral: ischial tuberosities
posterolateral: sacrotuberous ligaments
posterior: coccyx

Question 13

perineal body

Answer 13

(only in females) irregular fibromuscular mass at the center of the body of the perineal membrane
**site of meet up of the external anal sphincter, bulbospongiosus, and superficial and deep transverse perineus muscles

Question 14

where do the bulbs of the vestibule/ bulb of the corpus spongiosum attach?

Answer 14

perineal membrane

Question 15

ejaculatory duct

Answer 15

courses through the prostate gland and contains only semen which is

• sperm from ductus deferens
• seminal fluid from seminal vesicles
• prostatic fluid from prostate gland

Question 16

what are the erectile bodies in men?

Answer 16

2 corpora cavernosa

1 corpus spongiosum

Question 17

what are the erectile bodies in women?

Answer 17

2 crura of the clitoris

2 vertibular bulbs

Question 18

the four portal-caval anastamoses

Answer 18

1. superior rectal –> inferior rectal
2. esophageal (L. gastric) –> esophageal (azygous)
3. paraumbilical –> veins of the anterior abdominal wall
4. colic –> retroperitoneal

Question 19

posterior recess of the ischioanal fossa

Answer 19

extends deep to the sacrotuberous ligament

Question 20

when doing a pudendal nerve block, what bony landmark should be palpated?

Answer 20

ischial spines

Question 21

what nerve mediates erection?

Answer 21

pelvic splanchnics (parasympathetic). in males, contribue to prostatic plexus

Question 22

where does the inferior rectal vein drain into?

Answer 22

the internal pudundal vein

Question 23

what lymphatic node drains the perineum and external genitalia (labia majora and scrotum)

Answer 23

superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Question 24

where do the testes and ovaries drain?

Answer 24

lumbar nodes

Question 25

where are the lymphatic vessels that drain the testes contained?

Answer 25

in the spermatic cord

Question 26

what does the epigastric region contain?

Answer 26

duodenum, part of stomach, part of liver, pancreas

Question 27

c-sections happen below the arcuate line. what would the surgeon not cut thru?

Answer 27

posterior rectus sheath (ends at arcuate line)

Question 28

linea alba goes from ____ to _____

Answer 28

xiphoid process --> pubic symphysis

Question 29

superior epigastric arteries communicates with ______

Answer 29

inferior epigastric artery (comes off of external iliac)

Question 30

medial umbilical fold

Answer 30

made by medial umbilical ligament

Question 31

lateral umbilical forld

Answer 31

fold of peritoneum over the inferior epigastric vessels

Question 32

median umbilical fold

Answer 32

made by median umbilical ligament (obliterated urachus)

Question 33

urachus is now the

Answer 33

median umbilical fold

Question 34

medial inguinal fossa

Answer 34

space on the inner abdominal wall between the medial umbilical fold and lateral umbilical fold

Question 35

round ligament of the uterus passes through the ______

Answer 35

inguinal ring

Question 36

SI is distinct from LI because it has _______-

Answer 36

circular folds

Question 37

tenia coli

Answer 37

longitudinal muscle in LI (there are 3 of them)

Question 38

middle colic artery

Answer 38

branch of the SMA, supplies transverse colon; serves the most distal part of the colon before IMA takes over

Question 39

sensation around the umbilicus receives innervation from

Answer 39

T10

Question 40

immediately inferior to the spleen is the ________

Answer 40

Left colic flexure

Question 41

marginal artery

Answer 41

anastamotic artery running along the border of the LI. contains branches of the ileocolic, right coloc, middle colic, left colic and sigmoidal arteries

Question 42

anastamosis between SMA and IMA

Answer 42

middle and left colic arteries

Question 43

SMA supplies the

Answer 43

midgut

Question 44

what nerve carries pain sensation from the cheek area?

Answer 44

buccal (V.3)

Question 45

muscle that retracts the mandible

Answer 45

temporalis

Question 46

actions of the lateral pterygoid muscle

Answer 46

protraction/protrusion of mandible, contralateral deviation, opening the jaw

Question 47

action of masseter

Answer 47

elevates the mandible

Question 48

actions of the mylohyoid

Answer 48

elevates the hyoid and tongue, depresses the mandible

Question 49

inferior alveolar nerve

Answer 49

supplies sensory innervation to the mandible/mandibular teeth

Question 50

muscles that elevate the mandible

Answer 50

masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid (all innervated by V.3)

Question 51

otic ganglion path

Answer 51

lesser petrosal nerve (branch of CN IX) --> OG --> auriculotemporal n. --> parotid gland

Question 52

geniculate ganglion path

Answer 52

sensory cell bodies for the facial n (anterior 2/3 tongue taste)

Question 53

submandibular ganglion

Answer 53

recieves from chorda tympani --> salivary glands

Question 54

ciliary ganglion

Answer 54

receives from CN III --> CG --> short ciliary n. --> sphincter pupilae and ciliary muscle (accomodation)

Question 55

mylohyoid innervation

Answer 55

nerve to the mylohyoid (branch of the inferior alveolar n.)

Question 56

2 nerves come between the heads of the lateral pterygoid:

Answer 56

1. anterior deep temporal n. | 2. buccal n.

Question 57

chorda tympani exits the skull through the

Answer 57

petratympanic fissure

Question 58

V.3 innervates:

Answer 58

- muscles of mastication - tensor tympani - mylohyoid

Question 59

buccinator m. is innervated by th

Answer 59

facial nerve

Question 60

mental nerve

Answer 60

sensory innervation to the chin