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Even numbered Conferences > Conference 8: Knee > Flashcards

Conference 8: Knee Flashcards

1
Q

1

A

Patella

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2
Q

2

A

Femoral condyles

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3
Q

3

A

Intercondylar fossa

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4
Q

4

A

Tibial condyles

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5
Q

5

A

Fibular head

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6
Q

6

A

Fibular neck

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7
Q

1

A

Patella

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8
Q

2

A

Tibial condyle

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9
Q

3

A

Tibial tuberosity

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10
Q

4

A

Femoral condyles

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11
Q

5

A

Fibular head

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12
Q

6

A

Fibular neck

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13
Q

What does swelling indicate?

A

Tissue damage/swelling in joint cavity

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14
Q

1

A

Patella

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15
Q

2

A

Patellar ligament

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16
Q

3

A

Tibial tuberosity

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17
Q

4

A

Joint interval

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18
Q

5

A

Femoral condyles

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19
Q

6

A

Tibial condyles

20
Q

7

A

tibial (medial) collateral ligament

21
Q

8

A

fibular (lateral) collateral ligament

22
Q

9

A

fibular head

23
Q

10

A

Fibular neck

24
Q

11

A

Common fibular nerve (wraps around neck of fibula)

25
Q

In physical exam of posterior aspect of knee, how would you locate the biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles?

A

Biceps femoris is posterolateral

Semimembranosus is posteromedial, and just lateral to that is the semitendonosus (which is more superficial and more palpable)

26
Q

How would you position the lower limb to palpate the popliteal pulse?

A

Passive flexion at the knee, relax the popliteal fossa, hamstrings and gastrocnemius

27
Q

Why is the popliteal pulse so hard to palpate?

A

The popliteal artery is the deepest of the neurovascular structures in the popliteal fossa

28
Q

In what position is the knee most stable osteologically and why?

A

Extension

Because the area of contact between the femur and tibia is greatest in extension

29
Q

In what position are the collateral ligaments of the knee most taut?

A

In full extension

30
Q

What type of traumatic force would tend to tense and injure the tibial (medial) collateral ligament?

A

Leg abduction and or rotation

(MAB) - medial abduction

31
Q

What type of traumatic force would tend to tense and injure the fibular (laterla) collateral ligament?

A

leg adduction and/or rotation

32
Q

How would you test the integrity of the tibial collateral ligament?

A

attempt to abduct the leg

33
Q

How would you test the integrity of the fibular (lateral) collateral ligament?

A

Attempt to adduct the leg.

34
Q

What is the course of the anterior cruciate ligaments from its tibial attachment to its femoral attachment?

A

superior, posterior and lateral

35
Q

What is the course of the posterior cruciate ligament from its tibial attachment to its femoral attachment?

A

superior, anterior and medial

36
Q

How would you test the integrity of the ACL?

A

by attempting anterior displacement of the tibia relative to the femur

37
Q

How would you test the integrity of the PCL?

A

by attempting posterior displacement of the tibia relative to the femur

38
Q

Describe what is wrong

A

Supracondylar fracture of femur with posterior displacement of the distal fragment

39
Q

What causes bone fragments to override in a femoral fracture?

A

Spasm of all muscles crossing the fracture site: hamstrings, quadriceps, sartorius and adductors

40
Q

What would cause the distal fragment of the fractured femur to move posteriorly?

A

Spasm of the knee-flexing gastrocnemius muscle to stabilize the knee joint

(all muscles would be in spasm but this one has the biggest hold on the knee there)

41
Q

What structure in the deepest part of the popliteal fossa could be lacerated or compressed by the sharp edges of the posteriorly displaced distal fragment?

A

Popliteal artery

42
Q

What injury is suggested by the pain and “clicking” on knee motion ?

A

A torn meniscus

43
Q

Why is the medial meniscus more prone to injury than the lateral meniscus?

A

The medial meniscus is less mobile because of its attachment to the medial collateral ligament

44
Q

Why was the posterior horn of the medial meniscus injured?

A

1.The posterior horns of both the medial and lateral menisci are loaded in flexion

●

2.With the knee in flexion, the forced medial rotation of the femur causes greatest loading of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus

45
Q
A

Even numbered Conferences (15 decks)

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