Topics 1.1 -1.3

Question 1

Mandate of Heaven

Answer 1

Rulers were chosen by heaven to serve so they were legitimate if they ruled well
Influence from Confucianism
Can rebel

Question 2

Bureaucracy

Answer 2

An organization in which appointed officials carried out the empires policy

Question 3

Civil service exam

Answer 3

Based on knowledge of Confucian texts (new and based on merit)

Question 4

Neo-Confucianism

Answer 4

New Confucianism
Combined rational thought with more abstract ideas
Ethics not mysteries

Question 5

Tribute system

Answer 5

Arrangement in which other states had to pay money or provide goods
In Chinese they paid the nomads not to attack them in exchange the nomads could trade in China this lead to the decline in the Chinese military

Question 6

Filial piety

Answer 6

Respecting your elders and ancestors

Question 7

Theravada

Answer 7

“Do-it-yourself”
Focuses on a personal path to enlightenment

Question 8

Mahayana

Answer 8

Buddhism for the masses
Aims to achieve enlightenment for all beings
Had Bodhisattva helped people reach enlightenment

Question 9

Patriage

Answer 9

You know someone powerful to get you a job
Opposite from merit

Question 10

Japan

Answer 10

> Tributary system, centralized imperial state, neo-Confucianism

<feudalism, shogun was the military rulers, no bureaucracy, emperor had little power

Question 11

Korea

Answer 11

> Tributary system, centralized gov, neo-Confucianism, Chinese writing system, arts + architecture

<civil service exams not open to the peasants

Question 12

Champa Rice

Answer 12

“Magic rice”
Imported from Vietnam
Drought resistant rice that can produce two harvests per growing season
It grows in dirt versus water

Question 13

The Grand Canal

Answer 13

Water way that contracted northern and southern China
Vital element of domestic trade

Question 14

Production of iron and steel

Answer 14

Arrows, chains
Advanced weaponry for army mass produced

Question 15

Manufacture of textiles

Answer 15

Silk used for clothing made by women highly valued everywhere

Question 16

Porcelain for export

Answer 16

Artistic part of cultural heritage
International trade

Question 17

Scholar gentry

Answer 17

Carried out the function of gov
-> Chinese bureaucrats

Question 18

Meritocracy

Answer 18

People got jobs based on their skills/ abilities

Question 19

Kowtow

Answer 19

When somebody would kneel and touch their forehead to the ground in order to show deep and solemn respect (mostly to the emperor)

Question 20

Tributary system

Answer 20

Arrangement in which other states had to pay money to honor the Chinese emperor

Question 21

Foot binding

Answer 21

Where Chinese women would misshapen their feet to make them smaller

Question 22

Signification

Answer 22

The process of interpreting Chinese societies into Chinese culture
The significance of them

Question 23

Northern Nomads

Answer 23

Long standing threat to China
Had mural need with China
Provided horses
And gained agricultural products

Question 24

Kashgar

Answer 24

Western edge of China
Causes for growth: Water by the Kashgar River made lands fertile had lots of food + water
Chinese oasis

Question 25

Samarkand

Answer 25

Uzbekistan
Causes of Growth: Many artisans & center of Islamic learning beautiful mosques

Question 26

Paper money

Answer 26

Easily transported a system of credit “flying cash”
Managed increasing trade (light weight)

Question 27

Bills of exchange

Answer 27

A document which promised a set payment and receive
Provided convenience and stability of Institutions

Question 28

Caravanserai

Answer 28

A inn/hostel where merchants traveling long distances found a place to rest at night
Let merchants stop to let their camels rest and drink water

Question 29

Silk

Answer 29

(Luxury good)
Primarily used by the elite
Gave China a strong advantage in trade

Question 30

Iron & Steel

Answer 30

(Luxury goods)
Allowed for the creation of better tools/weapons enhanced military capabilities