1200-1400 Flashcards
al-Andalus
(Modern day Spain and Portugal)
Ruled by Muslim dynasties for centuries
Name translates to “Muslim-controlled Spain” in Arabic
Major center of Islamic learning
Dar al-Islam refers to the entire geographical area where is Islam is dominant and Al-Andalus is a specific region controlled by the Muslims which is apart of Dar al-Islam
Caesaropapism
A political system where the emperor holds power over the church, effectively combing religious and political authority
Essentially making the head of state also the supreme head of the church during the Byzantine Empire
Caliphate
A political-religious state ruled by a caliph, considered the successor to the Prophet Muhammad
Essentially, governing a large Islamic empire
Caravanserai
A roadside inn or hostel built along major trade routes like the Silk Road
Chinampa
A Aztec agriculture technique where they would grow crops on artificial island on the water
“Floating gardens”
Cordoba
A prominent city in Al-Andalus
Major center for learning and culture during the Islamic Golden Age
Delhi Sultanate
Refers to a series of Muslim dynasties that ruled
Primary Turkish Muslim rulers
Diaspora
A scattered population of people who originated from a shared geographical homeland but not live in different parts of the world
-maintaining cultural and religious connection to their place of origin
Feudalism
A system of decentralized power
During the Medical Ages
Land ownership was the foundation of power
With lords granting land (fiefs) to vassals in exchanger for loyalty and military strength
Genghis Khan
Mongolian warrior-ruler who untied the nomadic tribes of Mongolia and established the vast Mongol Empire
Great Schism
The split within the Christian church in 1054 dividing the Western Roman Catholic Church from the Eastern Orthodox Church
-Due to dispute over the Popes authority
Indian Ocean Trade Network
Trade routes that connected East Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, and Southeast Asia
Jizya
A tax on non-Muslim subject living in an Islamic state a protection fee that allows them to practice their religion freely
Khanate
A political entity ruled by a “Khan” typically a Mongol leader which emerged after the fragmentation of the Mongol Empire
Kublai Khan
(1215-1294) Grabdon of Genghis Khan
-Founder of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty in China
Malacca
Port city in Southeast Asia
Mansa Musa
West African ruler who had a lot of money and went around spending to help convert people to Islam
Merchant diasporic community
Group of merchants from a specific cultural background who have settled in a foreign land
Mita
Inca Empire labor system
Pax Mongolica
Peace time merchants were protected along trading routes thanks to the Mongols
Quipu
Knot system used to keep record by the Inca because they didn’t have a writing system
Samarkand
In Central Asia city located in the middle of the Silk Road known for being a big trade center (check this later)
Seljuk Turks
Nomadic people from Central Asia who converted to Islam
Persecuted Christians and threatened Constantinople
Why the crusaders started bc they blocked trade routes
Serf
Owned by Lord did labor for food sometimes
Forced labor lived in the Manor
