Enlightenment/Alantic Revolutions

Question 1

Thomas Hobbes

Answer 1

Believe in social contract -
Agreement between government and the people that they give up some of their rights for protection

Question 2

John Locke

Answer 2

Unalienable rights
Life liberty and property
Limited gov- People had the right to rebel

Question 3

Baron de Montesquieu

Answer 3

Separation of powers - Gov should be split into three branches

Question 4

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Answer 4

General will- laws should represent the will of all people (not the majority)

Question 5

The heart of the Enlightenment
And what was it rooted in

Answer 5

France (Western Europe)
Rooted in skepticism
HUMANISM!

Question 6

Voltaire

Answer 6

Freedom of thought- Free speech, thought & religion

Question 7

Result of expansion of suffrage

Answer 7

Granting rights to more people (natives & women)

Question 8

“Franchise”

Answer 8

Right to vote

Question 9

Influence of abolition of slavery

Answer 9

Went against liberty
People were no longer owned
(Slaves we’re more expensive then paid labor)

Question 10

Blank card

Answer 10

Still empty

Question 11

Caused of end of serfdom

Answer 11

Concepts liberty and equality
None were African
Serfdom ended due to Black Death

Question 12

Mary Wollstonecraft

Answer 12

Women should be treated equally to men
Want women to be more educated so that women could be better wife’s

Question 13

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Answer 13

Women should have the right to vote
(Legal change needed to be made)

Question 14

Deism

Answer 14

God is real, but did not have influence on everyday life
(Kinda like the enlightenment)

Question 15

American Revolution

Answer 15

Colonists against the mother country
The people created their own government and rebelled
Wrote the Declaration of Independence
(Revolution considered most successful)
Economic rebellion

Question 16

French Revolution

Answer 16

Monarchy was murdered the people became in charge
NOT a rebellion of a colony
Rebellion of the citizens against the government
Did not want independence

Question 17

Haitian Revolution

Answer 17

For humans rights and equality
First successful slave uprising
Free state run by former slaves
Social rebellion

Question 18

Latin America

Answer 18

Run by the Creole (a privileged class)
They kept the existing social hierarchies but wished for independence from Spain
Wanting independence

Question 19

Nationalism

Answer 19

Common thing that brings people together to make a nation/country

Question 20

Liberalism

Answer 20

Philosophy - rights of individuals, liberty, consent of the governed, political equality, the right to private property, and equality before the law

Question 21

Otto von Bismarck

Answer 21

Chancellor of Prussia united Germany

Question 22

Simon Bolivar

Answer 22

“El Liberator”
Revolutionary leader - played a crucial role in liberating several South American countries (from Spanish rule)

Question 23

Bourgeoisie

Answer 23

Wealthy capitalist class - owned means of production

Question 24

Blank

Answer 24

Blank

Question 25

Miguel de Hidalgo

Answer 25

Mexican Catholic preist started Mexican War Father of independence

Question 26

Internal combustion engine

Answer 26

Could pull trans along rail roads Advanced trade significantly (Locomotives)

Question 27

Laissez faire economics

Answer 27

Government would not interfere a Business could produce for their own self interests (Supply and demand)

Question 28

Touissant L’ Ouverture

Answer 28

Leder of the Haitian rebellion (Former Slave)

Question 29

Meiji Restoration

Answer 29

End of Tokugawa shogunate Abandoned isolation Mathew Perry got them to sign the “unequal treaty” with America Replaced China as East Asian power Businesses were state controlled

Question 30

Russo- Japanese War

Answer 30

Japan defeated Russia A non white power (Asians) defeated a white power (Europeans) Shocking to most

Question 31

Adam Smith

Answer 31

Father of economics Enlightenment thinker Wealth of nations Invented Laissez faire

Question 32

Steam engine

Answer 32

Allowed for factories to be built anywhere Altered transportation for the better Invented by James Watt

Question 33

Transnational corporations

Answer 33

A company that operates across multiple countries allowing manufacturers to take advantage of different markets and labor costs (Facilitated global trade)

Question 34

Limited liability corporation

Answer 34

Shareholders shared in the profits They could lose the amount of money they invested

Question 35

Stock market

Answer 35

Used to raise capital by selling shares Funded major expansion projects Facilitated growth

Question 36

Industrialization in Russia

Answer 36

Emancipation of serfs -> many became factory workers State owned business Industrializing did not go smoothly

Question 37

Trains Steam ships Telegraphs Canals

Answer 37

T- cut downs the speed of travel SS- wind patterns didn’t affect sailing Tele- long distance communication Canals-larger goods could be transported

Question 38

Frist vs Second Industrialization

Answer 38

1st steam power 2nd electricity

Question 39

Affect of industrialization on America

Answer 39

Labor was privately funded Brought a large number of immigrants through Ellis Island (cheap labor)

Question 40

Bolvar’s Jamaica Letter

Answer 40

Written by Simon Bolivar his plan for independence and he criticized Spanish rule

Question 41

Why did the American colonies govern better than Latin American colonies

Answer 41

British who came to America self governed While Latin America was heavily controlled by their monarchy

Question 42

Austrian and Ottoman Empires

Answer 42

Fostered ethnic tensions -> encouraging independence movements

Question 43

Mercantilism cause of American/ Latin American revolutions

Answer 43

Enforced strict restrictions on colonies Limited their economic development Resented European powers Sought independence Wanted control over their own governments