Topic C1 Atomic structure and the periodic table Flashcards
Define a element
A chemical made of one type of atom
Define a compound
More than on type together
Define a mixture of elements
More than one type not connected
Define a mixture of compounds
different compounds not joined together
Define mixture of elements and compounds
when compounds and elements are mot connected
Define a mixture
Different types of particles not joined together
What are the names of all types of separation techniques ?
Filtration
crystallisation
simple distillation
fractional distillation
chromatography
Filtration ?
Separates insoluble mixtures like sand. This is because sand can not dissolve
The filtration paper stops the insoluble mixture and lets the insoluble one through and separates them
Good for separating things that can not be dissolved
Crystallisation ?
Used for separating solids and liquids
The solution is warmed in a container allowing the solvent to dissolve. As the solution is cooled the crystals will grow
useful to create a different use for the substance
simple distillation
simple distillation is a procedure by which it separates two liquids with different boiling points
The mixture is heated in a flash. Ethanol has a lower boiling point so it evaporates quicker than the other liquid.
Used to separate liquids with a 50 degree difference
Fractional distillation
Separation of a liquid mixture into fractions differing in boiling points
eg The crude oil is evaporated and its vapours allowed to condense at different temperatures in the column
Separate mixtures into different parts
Chromatography
A technique of a mixture by passing it in a solution or suspension through a medium
used to separate mixtures into their components
separating two or more colours or liquids
Which method would you use to separate ink ?
Chromatography
Which method would you use to separate silver chloride ?
Filtration
How could you get crystals from concentrated solution of copper sulfate ?
crystallisation
Electron key ideas
Relative mass = 0.0005
relative charge = negative
location = the outside of the nucleus orbit
Proton key ideas
Relative mass = 1
Relative charge = positive
location = the inside of the nucleus
Neutron key ideas
Relative mass = 1
Relative charge = neutral
location = the inside of the nucleus
Which components of an atom are involved when elements react to form compounds ?
Electrons
Which components of an atom are important in nuclear reactions ?
Anything in the nucleus
How is an atom different ITfrom a ion ?
It has a charge because it has gained or lost electrons
What is the same with all elements ?
They all have electrons , protons and neutrons
Define an isotope
An atom that has a number of protons but different number of neutrons
Metals physical properties
lustrous Hard Density High tensile strength High melting and boiling point conductor of heat Conductor of electricity
Metals chemical properties
Reacts with o2
reacts with acid
oxides are basic
forms positive ions
Non-metals properties
density poor tensile strength poor melting and boiling points poor conductor of heat poor conductor of electricity
