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Chemistry > C7 Hydrocarbons > Flashcards

C7 Hydrocarbons Flashcards

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1
Q

What is crude oil ?

A

A mixture of lots of different hydrocarbons. Meaning made up of hydrogen and carbon

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2
Q

How can we separate mixtures ?

A

Separate them into fractions based on the size of the molecules by fractional distillation.

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of a shorter chained hydrocarbon ?

A

low boiling point

very volatile

light in colour

viscosity low

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4
Q

Characteristics of a longer chained hydrocarbon ?

A

High boiling point

Not very volatile

black in colour

high viscosity

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5
Q

What is a homolegons

A

A series of compounds which have the same :

General formula

trends in physical properties and chemical

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6
Q

What is the equation for methane ?

A

C H4

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7
Q

What is the equation for Ethane ?

A

C2 H6

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8
Q

What is the equation for propane ?

A

C3 H8

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9
Q

Equation for butane ?

A

C4 H10

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10
Q

What is a alkane ?

A

They are saturated hydrocarbons

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11
Q

The order of the fractions in boiling points

A

LPG

Petrol

Kerosine

Diesel

Fuel oil

Bitumen

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12
Q

How does the fractioning column work ?

A
  1. The mixture is heated and vaporised
  2. The mixture enters the column
  3. As fraction rises through the column they cool and condense depending on their boiling point
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13
Q

Which fraction contains the longest hydrocarbon chain ?

A

Bitumen

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14
Q

Which fraction contains the shortest hydrocarbons ?

A

LPG

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15
Q

What happens to the molecules when they get bigger ?

A

It creates stronger forces between molecules

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16
Q

Why is incomplete combustion less efficient then complete combustion ?

A

It produces soot and carbon monoxide which is poisonous to humans

17
Q

What is combustion ?

A

The process of burning something

18
Q

Why do hydrocarbons make good fuel ?

A

More volatile

19
Q

What conditions must be present for incomplete combustion to occur ?

A

Lack of presence of oxygen

20
Q

What is the process of cracking ?

A

Converting larger hydrocarbons into shorter chained ones

21
Q

Why are shorter chained alkanes more useful

A

Lower boing points

22
Q

Describe the test for a alkane

A

De colourise bromine water ( orang to colourless)

with alkanes no change

23
Q

Define a polymer

A

Lots of small alkanes joined together

Chemistry (14 decks)

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