Topic 9 Crude Oil and Fuels Flashcards
What is Crude Oil?
A mixture of hydrocarbons formed over millions of years from dead plankton subjected to high pressure and temperature
What is a hydrocarbon?
A molecule containing hydrogen and carbon atoms only
What is fractional distillation?
The method of separating hydrocarbons based on their boiling point
What is an Alkane?
A hydrocarbon containing only single bonds
What is an Alkene?
A hydrocarbon containing at least one double bond
What is a fraction?
A fraction contains similar length hydrocarbons with a small range of boiling points
What are intermolecular forces?
Weak forces of attraction that exists between molecules
What is a boiling point?
The temperature at which a liquid turns to a gas
What is viscosity?
The ability of a substance to flow
What is volatility?
The tendency to turn into gas
What is flamability?
How easily a substance burns or ignites
What is combustion?
A reaction between a fuel and oxygen that produces heat
What is complete combustion?
Combustion in plenty of oxygen. Complete combustion of a hydrocarbon will produce carbon dioxide and water
What is incomplete combustion?
Combustion in inadequate oxygen. Incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon produces water and carbon monoxide
What is cracking?
The process by which less-useful long-chain hydrocarbons are split to produce an alkene and an alkane
