Topic 6

Question 1

What are xylem cells and their purpose?

Answer 1

Xylem are dead cells made to connect in a vessel (xylem vessel)
There adaptations include their end walls are broken to allow water to move through

Question 2

What is lignin?

Answer 2

A substance that strengthens the cell walls of xylem cells

Question 3

What are stomatas?

Answer 3

Stomatas are gaps in the lower regions of the leaf that diffusion of gases easier (e.g evaporated water) in and out of the leaf

Question 4

What are the guard cells purpose?

Answer 4

To open and close the stomata

Question 5

Name 4 factors which affect the rate of transpiration?

Answer 5

1) Light intensity + increase (make water vapor evaporate faster increasing the rate of transpiration)
2) Temperature + increase (increased temperature makes water evaporate faster therefore increasing the rate of transpiration)
3) Air flow + increase (more airflow carries away water from plants leaves encouraging more water to evaporate and it increases the rate of transpiration)
4) Humidity - (concentration of water vapor in the air) increase (more humidity more water in the air making it difficult for more water to evaporate therefore decreasing the rate of transpiration)

Question 6

What are phloem cells?

Answer 6

A living tissue specialized to transport food products to parts of the plant where they are needed

Question 7

What is a adaptation of a phloem cell

Answer 7

The end walls have small holes to allow food products to move up and down the phloem vessels throughout the plant

Question 8

What is translocation?

Answer 8

The process by which food produced from photosynthesis is transported from the leaves to the growing regions of plants and storage organs
It too is bidirectional (movement both up and down the plant)

Question 9

What is transpiration?

Answer 9

The process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts such as leaves stems and flowers