topic 5

Question 1

global water increase reasons

Answer 1

increase in population
increase per capita
increased irrigation

Question 2

human processesaffecting on h.c.

Answer 2

deforestation
agriculture-irrigation
urban development

Question 3

environmental impacts of reservoirs

Answer 3

habitat change
wildlife barriers-isolation
sedimentation-downtsream

Question 4

exmaple of over exploited resources-sea

Answer 4

aral sea-reduced by 90%
pollution issues like fertilisers

Question 5

features of aquifers

Answer 5

Porosity of rock-how much water can be stored between rocks
Permeability-ease which fluids can flow
impermeable rock underneath allows aquifer to recharge

Question 6

how does an aquifer aquifer recharge

Answer 6

preciptation percolates down through soil-takes a long time

Question 7

over exploited aquifer

Answer 7

change in surface hydrology-drying up wetlands as water table lowers
subsidence-water between rocks isnt there causes slumping-damage buildings
reducing supplies-unsustainable exploitation

Question 8

monitoring techniques

Answer 8

satellites-grace-fast
wells+boreholes-slow+difficult

Question 9

exploitation of new sources of water

Answer 9

Rainwater collection-rainwater flows into a tabk underground recharging aquifer
seawater-requires high energy intensive-deslaination plant

Question 10

what features are needed to make a rerservoir

Answer 10

reservoirs-
topography of land-narrowexit from large basin
geology-impermeanle rock underneath+strong no faults
building of dams-requires roadd networl+work force

Question 11

sustainable managementto do with reservoirs

Answer 11

durong low periods of rainfall dam can be opened to allow more water through
redirect river to lagoon ti recharfe aquifers recharging aquifer

Question 12

sustainable management

Answer 12

unexpolited aquifera
afforestation -reduces soil erosion-reducing river level fluctuation.

Question 13

water conservation-low volume use

Answer 13

low water appliances -=washing machines
xeriscaping -planting plants adapted to low water condtions in urban areas
low volume irrigation -drip irrigation-reduces loss of wwater by evaporation

Question 14

water conservation 2

Answer 14

recycling used water like grey water for toilet +water meters communty cooperation

Question 15

water treatment

Answer 15

sedimentation-lets soilds settle
screen-metal grills remove vegetation
aeration-bubbles of airmore aerobi dugestion
filtration-remove any remaining suspended solids-sand+gravel
carbon filters-removes organic chemicals
sterillisation-use of chlorine+ozone and uv light kills pathogens
ph control-crushedd lime after chlorine