topic 4d Flashcards
nutrient list (6)
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, minerals, vitamins and water
list essential nutrients
Certain fatty acids, amino acids, a variety of minerals and vitamins and water.
digestive system tasks (5)
Ingestion, Mechanical DIgesetion, Chemical Digestion, Absorption, Elimination
Explain Intracellular digestion
Occurs in single cells (sponges)
Water carrying nutrients, are filtered by the collar. Nuterients caught and enter cell through phagocytosis and then stored in the vacuole. lysosomes digest food. waster are expelled by exocytosis.
Extracellular digestion
Digestion which uses enzymes
which digestion organs have enzymes
Small Intestine
Liver
which nutrients are the most concerntrated energy source
fats and oils
one chamber digestion
The simplest form contains a single sac with one opening (gastrovascular) where the food is then broken down through digestive enzymes.
Found in Cnidarians, sea anemones, hydra, and the sea jellies.
tubular digestive system
Most animals, including mollusks, arthropods, echinoderms, and earthworms and vertebrates have digestive systems that are one way tubes, beginning with the mouth and ending at the anus.
how do teeth relate to diet
Carnivores - large canines, molars and premolars sharp.
Omnivore - reduce canines, lear incissors, flat molars/premolars
Herbivore - varry
digestion tract
Mouth -> Oesophagus -> Stomach -> Small Intestine -> Liver -> Pancreas -> Large Intestine
small intestine segments
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
what are vili
inside the small intestine
numerous folds with fingerlike projections, on its surface to increase absorptive surface area. microvili are smaller variation of the same thing that are covering the surface of the vili
what is bile and its purpose
composed of water and bile salts in the liver
Bile salts interact with fats and expose a large surface area to attack lipases, lipid digesting enzymes
part of the large intestine
cecum, ascending (left) colon, transverse colon, descending (right) colon, sigmoid colon, rectum
