Topic 4: Political Development 1956-7 Flashcards
1
Q
Who opposed Franco’s regime?
A
- Regional Nationalists (ETA)
- Worker’s
- Red Clergy
- students
2
Q
Examples of unrest from the Regional Nationalists?
A
- terror campaigns in 1960s
- focused on bank roberies to raise funds to support activities
- in late 1960s it focused on assassinations
3
Q
Who was assassinated by ETA?
A
- 1968
- Manzanas Gonzalez
- high-ranking police officer in Basque
- known torturer
ETA’s first planned assassination
4
Q
Why were ETA unhappy with Franco?
A
- between 1937-1956 Franco waged war on Basque culture
- Franco’s forces burnt books that had the Basque language
- Basque- language schools were closed
5
Q
What was Franco’s response to ETA?
A
- After Gonzalez was assassinated the gvt arrested 2,000 suspected ETA members
- public military trails held for ETA
- 2 women/ 2 Priests put on trial and sentenced to death
- gvt response made ETA more radical
6
Q
Examples of unrest for Worker’s?
A
- escalated late 1960s
- waves of strikes
- stemmed from poor areas like Asturias and Basque
7
Q
Why were the worker’s unhappy with Franco?
A
- wanted to improve their pay and working conditions
- opposed political reforms
8
Q
What was the response to Franco’s regime for worker’s?
A
- killed strikers
- those who striked were fired
- 3 people killed by police demonstrations in Granada
- 4,500 sacked for militant actions
9
Q
Examples of unrest for the Red Clergy?
A
- 1973
- published the church and political community which spread liberal ideas and tension within Franco and the chuch
10
Q
Why were the Red Clergy unhappy with Franco?
A
- poor social conditions
- poverty experienced by priesthood
- free market didn’t benefit evryone
- angry at inequality and hardship in Spain
11
Q
What was Franco’s response to the Red Clergy?
A
- detained priests
- ## came up with propaganda campaign- made out all churches are communist
12
Q
Examples of unrest from students?
A
- protests
- marches
- strikes
- occupied buildings/ take over them
13
Q
Why are the students unhappy with Franco?
A
- felt alienated by Franco’s regime
- wanted Spain to be democratic
14
Q
Response of Franco’s regime for students?
A
- 1971: gvt implemented Martial Law
- 1965: banned student unions
- Franco implemented it too late so it wasn’t very affective
