Topic 1: Spain 1930-31 Flashcards
1
Q
Who supported the Second Republic?
A
- Spanish Republicans
- PSOE
- Catalans and Church
- anti-clerics
- PCE
2
Q
Who opposed the Second Republic?
A
- landowners and some workers
- Church
- Monarchists
- Anarchists
- Army
- Industrialists
3
Q
Why was the Second Republic created?
A
- growth of Republicanism and socialism
- Elections of 1931
- Pact of San Sebastian
- the army
- failure of Primo De Rivera’s dictatorship
4
Q
What was/ what happened at the Pact of San Sebastian?
A
- leading opponents of military dictatorship met in San Sebastian
- co-ordinate opposition to military regime
5
Q
What did the Pact of San Sebastain lead to?
A
- military coup against the gvt
- coup failed as it was initiated earlier than what was planned
- Spain’s socialist and liberal leaders continued to work to end military rule
6
Q
What were the Elections of 1931?
A
- some parts of Spain’s gvt was democratic- even though Spain was a dictatorship
- results of election showed republican movement
- Republican’s had majority of Spain’s urban areas
7
Q
What did the king do and therefore result in from the 1931 elections?
A
- King refusal to acknowledge results led to violence
- King was advised by PM he could not continue without Spain’s full support
- he refused to restore order by using the army
- King fled Spain 2 days after the election
- opening for foundation of a Republic
8
Q
Why was Primo De Rivera’s dictatorship a failure?
A
- he was very unpopular
- economic policies had caused growing hardship
- new PM ended some of Rivera’s most repressive policies- hoping to diffuse opposition to the regime
9
Q
Why did the army lead to the Second Republic being created?
A
- dominated by conservatives, supporters of monarchy, officers who supported Primo De Rivera
- Spanish people had little faith in military leaders
- leading members of army had small understanding of lives and needs of the poor
- military gvt failed to improve lives of the poor
10
Q
In what years did the military gvt exist?
A
1923-1931
11
Q
What was life like for Industrial workers in Spain?
A
- early stages of development
- few pockets of industry
- Catalonia - textile and shipping
- Basque- iron
12
Q
What was life like for Agricultural workers in Spain?
A
- people only hired for short periods of time (harvest time)
- lead to unemployment and financial issues
- 1/2 the population worked on land
- North- farmers survived, full time employment, did not make much money but still comfortable
13
Q
How was Spain governed?
A
- constitutional monarchy until 1923
- King Alfonso XIII was head of the Spanish state
14
Q
What was the army dominated by?
A
conservatives
15
Q
Why was the army decreasing in faith?
A
- leading members had little understanding of the lives, needs, concerns of the poor
- military gvt failed to improve lives of the poor
- military was considered to be a drain on Spain’s economy- reasons for poverty of many people
