Topic 1: Years of Reaction 1934-1936 Flashcards
Who was the Prime Minister?
Alejandro Lerroux
Who was the President?
Niceto Alcala Zamora
What was the gvt mostly made up of?
Right-wing
When was CEDA created?
February 1933
Who was the leader of CEDA?
Jose Maria Gil-Robles
Why was CEDA created?
- opposed gvt reforms
focused on: - defending Catholicism
- property rights
- unity of Spain
What were CEDA?
- right-wing group
- united to stop the lefts anti-clericalism
- made up of conservative, Catholics. landowners
What were the consequences of CEDA?
- 1933 election result
- undoing reforms
- anarchist reaction
- socialist reaction
what were the 1933 election results?
- gained 115 deputies- biggest party withing cortes
- CEDA and Radical Republicans benefited
How did the elections undo the reforms?
- reversed land reform-wealthy landowners could retake land that gvt has taken away, so peasants lost land they were given
- attacked laws that established worker’s rights- so waged fell for workers
- Lerroux refused to enforce aspects of constitution that separated Catholic church and state
What was the Anarchist reaction?
- only interests middle class
- wave of stikes and attacks on Civil Guard
- de-railed a train- 19 people died
what were the 1933 elections?
- gained 115 deputies
- CEDA biggest party within cortes
- CEDA and Radical Republicans benefited
What was the Socialist reaction?
- Asturias uprising
- socialist committee
Who was the leader of the Socialist Committee?
Largo Caballero
Why did the Socialist do bad in the 1933 elections?
- Casas Viejas massacre
- Withdrawal of support
- PSOE
- ‘Unholy alliance’
Why the socialists did so bad: Withdrawal of support?
- Jan 1933
- decided to contest election without seeking alliance with other parties
Why the socialists did so bad: PSOE?
- share of vote dropped
- willingness to use force against working people- little enthusiasm for them
Why the Socialists did so bad: ‘Unholy Alliance’?
- CEDA/ Radical Republicans
- coalition between antagonistic groups
- right-wing parties that agreed to bring down left
When was Asturias Uprising?
October 1934
What was Asturias Uprising?
- attempt at a revolution
- anarchists fought police and army
- burned 58 churches as church became symbol of right-wing
- Franco led repression with 20,000 troops
What were the consequences of Asturias Uprising?
- polarisation- left and right sae uprsing different and felt each other as out of order
- Popular Front
- repression
When was the Popular Front made?
January 1936
Why was the Popular Front formed?
Gave left a chance of winning elections
Who came out bad in the 1933 elections?
Socialists
Why did the socialists do bad?
- Casaa Veijas
- PSOE
- ‘unholy alliance’
- withdrawal of support
Who were protesting at Cara’s Viejas?
Peasants
What did the Civil Guard do at Casas Viejas?
-opened fire
Why was it bad that the gvt killed people at casas Viejas?
- killed their own support
- lost fait in the gvt
How many people were killed in Casas Veijas?
25
Who was part of the unholy alliance?
CEDA
Radical republicans
What was the unholy alliance?
Right-wing parties agreed to work together to bring down left
Why did support for PSOE drop?
Willingness to use force against working class
