Topic 4: Plant tissues Flashcards
What is tissues?
Group of cells
Same structure
Carry out certain functions
What are the 5 main types of tissues?
Protection
Storage
Strength and support
Transport
Growth
What is the function of the epidermis?
Protection
Prevents water loss
What is the structure of the epidermis?
Single layer
Tightly packed
No air spaces
No chloroplasts
Same size and square
What is the function of the root hair cell?
Absorb water
What is the function of guard cells?
Mainly on underside of leaves
Surrounds small openings = stomata
Allow gases to enter and exit leaves:
- Oxygen
- Carbon dioxide
- Water vapour
Guard cells = only cell in epidermis with chloroplasts
What is the function of parenchyma?
Allows for movement of water and minerals
Packing tissue
Air spaces between
What are the 2 types of parenchyma?
Chlorenchyma:
- Chloroplast
- Not in roots
Collenchyma:
- No chloroplasts
- Thickened walls
- Provides support
What is the structure and function of schlerenchyma?
Structure:
- Thick wall cells
- Have lignin and cellulose
- Lignin makes sclerenchyma waterproof
- The insides are empty
Function:
- Cell wall provide strength and support stems and roots
How does a cell die?
When the cells grow and mature, the cells content die and disintergrate.
What are the 2 types of schlerynchyma?
Fibers:
- Long, thick walls
- Makes stem and roots tuff and rigid
Stone cells:
- Small, round and hard
- Give gritty texture to fruits
- Found in flesh and pips of fruits and shells of nuts
What is the function of xylem?
Transport water
Support the plant and can withstand the pressure of the water due
What is the structure of xylem?
Thick walls
Long cells
Contents dies as cell matures
What 3 things is xylem made from?
Tracheids: have overlapping ends
Vessels: joined end to end, end walls disintegrate, forms tubes
Pits: allow water to move sideways
What is the function of phloem?
To transport food from leaves to the rest of the plant
