Topic 4 Inorganic Chem

Question 1

Most reactive group 2 metal

Answer 1

Barium

Question 2

3 physical properties of group 2 metals

Answer 2

High melting and boiling points
Low density
Form white compounds

Question 3

How does reactivity change down group 2 and why

Answer 3

Increases as electrons as lost more easily

Question 4

What happens to first ionisation energy down g2 and why

Answer 4

Decreases:
Shielding increases
Increased atomic radius
Lower effective nuclear charge

Question 5

What kind of reaction do G2 elements have with oxygen

Answer 5

Redox reaction

Question 6

Mg + Water

Answer 6

Cold - No reaction
Hot - MgOH + Hydrogen
Steam - Mgo + Hydrogen

Question 7

Which G2 doesnt react with water

Answer 7

Beryllium

Question 8

Products of G2 oxide + Dilute Acid

Answer 8

Salt and Water

Question 9

Product of G2 oxide + water

Answer 9

Metal Hydroxide

Question 10

Solubility of hydroxides g2

Answer 10

Increases down the group
Mg(OH)2 is sparingly soluble

Question 11

Solubility of sulphates

Answer 11

Decreases down the group

Question 12

G2 hydroxide + dilute acid

Answer 12

salt (-ate) + water

Question 13

Reason for trend in thermal stability of G1 and G2 Carbonates and nitrates

Answer 13

G2 more thermally stable as you go down group. Cations get bigger so have less of a polarising effect on the carbonate. C-O bond is not weakened so is harder to break down.

G1 carbonates only lithium decomposes. Only lithium has high enough charge densitiy

Question 14

2 Properties of halogens

Answer 14

low melting and boiling points
Exist as diatomic molecules

Question 15

Trend in boiling point in halogens - why?

Answer 15

Increases down the group as the size of the atom increases and therefore there are stronger london forces between molecules

Question 16

Trend in oxidising agent ability down group 7

Answer 16

Decreases as Cl has the strongest enc so best acceptor so reduces best so best oxidising agent

Question 17

Trend in reducing agent ability of halides

Answer 17

Increases down the group. I has the weakest enc so will lose electrons easiest

Question 18

Displacement reaction for halogens

Answer 18

when more reactive displaces less

Question 19

Color of chlorine in water and organic solvent

Answer 19

pale green/yellow , pale green/yellow

Question 20

Color of bromine in water and organic solvent

Answer 20

orange, orange

Question 21

color of iodine in water and organic solvent

Answer 21

brown, violet

Question 22

Chlorine with water reaction

Answer 22

Disproportionation
HCl+ HClO formed

Question 23

Chlorine + Cold, dilute alkali

Answer 23

NaClO formed

Question 24

Chlorine + Hot, dilute alkali

Answer 24

NaClO3 formed

Question 25

NaCl + Sulfuric Acid

Answer 25

HCl + NaHSO4
Misty fumes

Question 26

NaBr + H2S04

Answer 26

HBr+ NaHSO4
Br2 + SO2 + 4H20

Question 27

NaI + H2SO4

Answer 27

HI + NaHSO4
I2 + SO2 + 4H2O
I2 + S + 4H20 (Yellow solid)
I2 + H2S + 4H20 (Rotten eggs)

Question 28

What is used to test for halide ions and why

Answer 28

AgNO3 followed by NH3 (aq)
Removes any carbonates, forms silver precipitate
Silver nitrate + aqueous ammonia

Question 29

Positive test for Cl ion.l

Answer 29

White ppt
Dissolves in conc and dilute ammonia

Question 30

Positive test for Br ion

Answer 30

Cream ppt
Dissolves in conc not dilute ammonia

Question 31

Positive test for I ion

Answer 31

Yellow ppt
Does not dissolve in anything ammonia

Question 32

Hydrogen Halides + NH3 or + H20

Answer 32

Ammonium salts in NH3
Weaker acids in water H30

Question 33

Test for carbonate ions

Answer 33

Add strong acid ( should fizz)
Collect gas produced
Pass through lime water (if cloudy then CO2 present therefore carbonate)

Question 34

Test for sulphate ions

Answer 34

Acidified barium chloride. White barium sulphate ppt is produces

Question 35

Test for ammonium ions

Answer 35

Sodium Hydroxide solution and warming to form ammonia
Red litmus paper turns blue
Pungent smell

Question 36

Color of N02 gas

Answer 36

Shit brown