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Biology > Topic 3.1 > Flashcards

Topic 3.1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What’s classification?

A

Grouping objects or information based on similarities

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2
Q

What’s a taxon?

A

A group of similar organisms

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3
Q

What’s taxonomy?

A

The study of classification

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4
Q

What are the 8 taxonomic groups?

A

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus Species

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5
Q

What are the 5 Kingdoms?

A

Animalia, Plants, Fungi, Protists, Prokaryotes

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6
Q

What are the 3 domains?

A

Eukaryotes, Prokaryotes, Archea

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7
Q

Which domain is the most different?

A

Prokaryote

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8
Q

What’s binomial nomenclature?

A

Naming organisms that gives each organism a two-worded name

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9
Q

Who developed the first classification system?

A

Aristotle

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10
Q

What’s an autotroph?

A

An organism that makes its own food, e.g. plants which photosynthesis

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11
Q

What’s a heterotroph?

A

An organism that uses other organisms as food

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12
Q

Who invented binomial nomenclature?

A

Carl Linnaus

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13
Q

What are analogous features?

A

Similar features in organisms

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14
Q

What’s the definition of a species?

A

A group of organisms that have similar; genes, physical and chemical characteristics, and can breed to produce fertile offspring

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15
Q

What’s a morphological species model?

A

A species definition based solely on the appearance of the organisms observed

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16
Q

What’s sexual dimorphism?

A

The difference in the appearance of the male and female of a species

17
Q

What’s molecular phylogeny?

A

Analysis of genetic material of organisms to establish evolutionary relationships

18
Q

What’s the ecological species model?

A

A species definition based on the ecological niche an organism holds

19
Q

What’s a niche?

A

The role an organism has within the habitat in which it lives

20
Q

What’s a mate-recognition species model?

A

A species definition based on unique feltillisation systems- e.g. mating

21
Q

The genetic species model?

A

A species model based on DNA evidence

22
Q

What’s the evolutionary species model?

A

A species model based on shared evolution between groups of organisms

23
Q

What’s DNA sequencing?

A

The base sequence of all or part of a genome is worked out

24
Q

What’s DNA profiling?

A

The process of analysing the non-coding areas of DNA to identify a pattern

25
Q

What are bioinformatics?

A

The development of the software and computing tools needed to organise raw biological data

26
Q

Who came up with the Domain taxonomic classification

A

Carl Woese

27
Q

What’s peer review?

A

The system used to assess the quality of a manuscript before it’s published

28
Q

What are examples that can be sent to be peer reviewed?

A

Scientific journal, website article, article, presentation at a scientific conference

29
Q

What’s the purpose of gel electrophoresis?

A

To separate and identify strands of DNA

30
Q

What’s used as the filter for DNA

A

Agarose

31
Q

What is gel electrophoresis used on?

A

Proteins, DNA, RNA

32
Q

What is the electric current used for?

A

To pull either the negative or positive ions from the; DNA, RNA and proteins, through the agarose filter

33
Q

What are the names of the holes you load the substances in to start gel electrophoresis?

A

Wells

34
Q

How do u know when the electrical current is running?

A

Bubbles are produced

35
Q

What is the stain used in electrophoresis and why?

A

Ethidium bromide-because it causes DNA to show in fluorescent light

36
Q

What is the DNA cut with?

A

Restriction enzymes

37
Q

What’s the definition of Biodiversity?

A

The measure of the variety of living organisms and their genetic differences

38
Q

What’s evolution?

A

The process by which natural selection acts on variation to bring about adaptations and eventually speciation

39
Q

What’s morphology?

A

The study of the form and structure of organisms

Biology (32 decks)

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