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Biology > Topic 1.2 > Flashcards

Topic 1.2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What’s a monomer?

A

A single molecule that is a unit of a larger molecule

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2
Q

What’s a polymer?

A

A long chain of smaller repeating monomer units

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3
Q

What’s Starch?

A

A long chain polymer formed of @-glucose monomers

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4
Q

What’s sucrose?

A

A disaccharide result from @-Glucose and Fructose

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5
Q

What’s Lactose?

A

A disaccaride result formed from @-glucose + Galactose

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6
Q

What’s Maltose?

A

@-Glucose+@-Glucose

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7
Q

What’s Glucose?

A

A hexose sugar

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8
Q

How do u test for reducing sugars?

A

Add Benedict’s solution, if the sugars precipitate and colour change blue-orange they’re a reducing sugar, if no change they’re non-reducing

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9
Q

What’s a monosaccharide?

A

A single sugar monomer

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10
Q

What’s a disaccharide?

A

A sugar made up of two monosaccharides joined by a Glycosidic bond

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11
Q

What’s a polysaccharide?

A

A polymer made up of long chains of monosaccharides joined by glycosidic bonds

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12
Q

What is a triose sugar?

A

A sugar with 3 carbon atoms

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13
Q

What is a pentose sugar?

A

A sugar with 5 carbon atoms

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14
Q

What is ribose?

A

A pentose sugar that makes up RNA

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15
Q

What’s a hexose sugar?

A

A sugar with 6 carbon atoms

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16
Q

What’s an isomer?

A

A molecule that has the same chemical formula but different structures

17
Q

What is a condensation reaction?

A

A reaction where a molecule of water is removed as a result of two molecules bonding

18
Q

What is a Glycosidic bond?

A

A covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides in a condensation reaction

19
Q

What’s Amylose?

A

An unbranched polymer made up of between 200-5000 glucose molecules

20
Q

What’s Amylopectin?

A

A branched polymer of glucose molecules

21
Q

What are lipids?

A

A large family of organic molecules

22
Q

What’s a fatty acid?

A

An organic acid with a long hydrocarbon chain

23
Q

What’s an Ester bond

A

A bond formed in a condensation reaction between the carboxyl group of a fatty acid and one of the hydroxyl groups of glycerol

24
Q

What’s a Saturated fatty acid?

A

Each carbon joined to the one next to it in the hydrocarbon chain by a single covalent bond

25
Q

What’s an Unsaturated Fatty Acid?

A

A fatty acid in which the carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain have one or more double covalent bonds in them

26
Q

What’s an amino acid?

A

Amino group, carboxyl group and R group

27
Q

What’s a peptide bond?

A

A bond formed by a condensation reaction and two amino acids

27
Q

What’s a peptide bond?

A

A bond formed by a condensation reaction and two amino acids

28
Q

What’s a fibrous protein?

A

Proteins with long parallel peptide chains

29
Q

What’s a Disulfide bond?

A

A strong covalent bond formed as a result of an oxidation reaction between sulfur group or methionine molecules

30
Q

What’s a globular protein?

A

Large proteins with complex tertiary and sometimes quarternary structures- spherical in shape

31
Q

What’s haemoglobin ?

A

A large conjugated protein - transports stuff in the blood

32
Q

What’s collagen?

A

A strong fibrous protein with a triple helix structure

33
Q

Describe the primary structure of proteins

A

Sequence of amino acids that make up the polypeptide chain held together by peptide bonds

34
Q

Describe the secondary structure of a protein

A

Arrangement of the polypeptide chain into a regular repeating structure held by hydrogen bonds

35
Q

Describe a tertiary structure of protein

A

The structure is further folded into complicated shapes

36
Q

Describe the quaternary structure of proteins

A

The tertiary protein structures stick together

Biology (32 decks)

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