Topic 3 Element 1

Question 1

For structural planting what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 1

Woody and evergreen. Can be shaped for topiary.

Taxus baccata

Question 2

For productive planting what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 2

Capable of producing a large quantity of fruits, nuts, vegetables.

Source of income, product or sustainability

Fig Ficus carica

Question 3

For focal point planting what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 3

Eye catching, gets your attention.
Stands out from its surroundings
Unusual or different

Monkey puzzle – Araucaria Araucana,

Question 4

For aesthetics planting what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 4

Contributing colour design, texture maybe pleasing contrasts

Acer palmatum

Question 5

For Specialist/themed areas what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 5

Sensory gardens. For those with limited sight. Fragrant or plants with distinctive feel.

Stracthys Byzantine / Lavandula hidcote

Question 6

For Climate resilience: wind tolerance what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 6

Flexible stems, narrow leaves, deep roots.
Thuja occidentalis

Question 7

For climate resilience: flood tolerance what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 7

Roots will accept sitting in water. Shallow roots, and rhizomes to re-generate.

Phyllostachys
Salix
Betula Nigra

Question 8

For Climate resilience: drought tolerance what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 8

Can survive with long gaps between watering once established

Reduced growth rate. Stomata regulation

Olea europaea

Question 9

For Climate resilience: genetic variation for site suitability what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 9

Tendency to adapt to their given situation
Alpines
Pinus
Quercus

Question 10

For Climate resilience: suitable ecotypes for site what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 10

Plants that have adapted for a particular environment – such as urban streets

Platanus × acerifolia

Question 11

For Ecosystem services: nectar rich flowers what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 11

Attractive to pollinators’
Enhanced environment

Comfrey, Symphytum X uplandicum
Helianthus annus (Sunflowers)

Question 12

For Biodiversity supporting and helping wildlife what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 12

Crab apples – Malus

Question 13

For Ecosystem services: bark with crevices for habitats what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 13

Relatively dry, safe, and a source of nutrients.

Oak trees – Quercus

Question 14

For Ecosystem services: provision of roosting/nesting sites what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 14

Able to support the weight of nest.

Sufficient foliage to protect nest from predators

Proximity to food sources

Most trees and shrubs

Question 15

For Ecosystem services: provision leaves to hold back moisture what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 15

Large leaf to provide shade for the ground to increase moisture retention. Magnolia (Magnolia spp.)

Plants that collect and retain the moisture from the ground or air.
Mosses and Ferns

Question 16

For Ecosystem services: provision of hirsute leaves to filter particulates from air what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 16

Fine hair like woolly texture

Lamb’s ear (Stachys byzantina)

Question 17

For Ecosystem services: stabilisation of soil to reduce erosion risk what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 17

Ground covering, large leaf, evergreen. Spread relatively quickly and will help to reduce excess moisture.

Examples

Alchemilla
Cotoneaster

Question 18

For Ecosystem services: provision of shade what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 18

Wide canopy, large leaves

Hostas

Acer palmatum

Question 19

For increasing relative humidity what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 19

Plants with large leaf surface areas, dense foliage, specialized leaf structures, extensive root systems, and adaptations to arid environments are particularly effective at increasing relative humidity through transpiration and moisture release.

Ferns, Peace lillies

Question 20

For Ecosystem services: decreasing wind speed what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 20

Tall densely packed. Deep rooted. large, flat leaves or rough-textured foliage create more friction as wind passes over their surfaces, slowing down airflow.

Flexible Stems and Branches
Conifers: Leyland Cypress (× Cupressocyparis leylandii)
Beach grasses

American Beachgrass (Ammophila breviligulata)

Question 21

For provision of cover for small mammals what are the characteristics and one example

Answer 21

Plants with dense, low-growing, and multi-layered foliage, as well as those with complex structures and spiny growth habits, are highly effective for providing cover and shelter for small mammals

Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.)