Topic 2 - IONIC Bonding (III) Flashcards
What is ionic bonding?
Strong electrostatic attraction between opposite charged ions.
Why does ionic bonding happen with oppositely charged ions?
They are attracted to each other because of their opposite charges which bonds them to form an IONIC COMPOUND.
What happens when atoms gain electrons?
They become NEGATIVE IONS
What happens when atoms lose electrons?
They become POSITIVE IONS
What are the charges of Group 1, 2 and 3 metals?
+1
+2
+3
What is the charge of Ag? (silver)
Ag+
What is the charge of Fe II? (iron II)
Fe2+
What is the charge of Fe III? (iron III)
Fe3+
What is the charge of Pb? (lead)
Pb2+
What is the charge of Zn? (zinc)
Zn2+
What is the charge of H? (hydrogen)
H+
What is the charge of NO4? (ammonia)
NO4+
What are the charges of Group 5,6 and 7 non-metals?
- 3
- 2
- 1
What is the charge of OH? (hydroxide)
OH-
What is the charge of CO3? (carbonate)
CO3(2-)
What is the charge for NO3? (nitrate)
NO3-
What is the charge for SO4? (sulfate)
SO4(2-)
What are the characteristics of ANIONS?
- electrons are negative particles
- when an atom gains an electron it becomes (+) negative
- non-metals usually gain electrons
- negative ions are called anions
What are the characteristics of CATIONS?
- electrons are positively charged particles
- when an atom loses an electron it becomes (-) positive
- metals usually lose electrons
- positive ions ared called cations
Why do compounds with giant ionic lattices have high melting and boiling points?
Because they have a GIANT STRUCTURE with STRONG ELECTROSTATIC FORCES beween the oppositely charged ions that REQUIRE A LOT OF ENERGY TO BREAK.
When do ionic compounds conduct electricity?
Conduct electricity when molten or in a solution
DONT CONDUCT ELECTRICITY WHEN SOLID.
