Topic 16 pt 2 -humans Flashcards

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1
Q

State 2 functions of the testes

A

“They produce hormones
They produce sperm”

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2
Q

State 2 functions of the penis

A

“Used as the male sex organ
Used as an excretory organ”

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3
Q

State 2 functions of the male urethra

A

“It allows urine to exit the body from the bladder
It is used during ejaculation to release semen”

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4
Q

State the function of the scrotum

A

It holds and protects the testes

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5
Q

State the function of the sperm duct

A

It carries sperm from the testes to the urethra

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6
Q

State the function of the prostate gland

A

It produces prostate fluid which combines with sperm cells to make semen

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7
Q

State 2 functions of the ovaries

A

“They produce eggs
They produce hormones”

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8
Q

State 2 functions of the vagina

A

“To receive the penis during intercourse
It is used as the birth canal during childbirth”

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9
Q

State the function of the oviduct

A

To create a passage between the ovary and the uterus for the egg to travel down

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10
Q

Compare sperm and egg cells in terms of size

A

Sperm cells are significantly smaller than egg cells

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11
Q

Compare sperm and egg cells in terms of structure and shape

A

Sperm cells are long and thin with a head and tail whereas egg cells are large and in the shape of a sphere or ovoid

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12
Q

Compare sperm and egg cells in terms of their ability to move

A

“Sperm cells have large energy stores and a long tail to help them to move quickly
Egg cells do not have this and so are relatively non-motile”

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13
Q

Compare sperm and egg cells in terms of the number of each cell

A

There are many more sperm cells than egg cells (up to 100 million sperm per millilitre of ejaculate)

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14
Q

Explain 3 adaptive features of sperm cells

A

“Lots of mitochondria in the middle section provide energy for movement
Enzymes in the acrosome break down the outer membrane of the egg
Long whip-like flagellum used for movement”

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15
Q

Explain the 2 adaptive features of egg cells

A

“Large energy stores allow for lots of cell divisions and growth
Jelly-like coat ensures that only one sperm can fertilise the egg as it changes after fertilisation”

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