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Chemistry > Topic 14.1 - Further aspects of covalent bonding and structure > Flashcards

Topic 14.1 - Further aspects of covalent bonding and structure Flashcards

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1
Q

Metallic bonding

A

The electrostatic attraction between a lattice of protons and a sea of delocalised electrons

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2
Q

Formal charge

A

Number of valence electrons - 1/2 x bonding electrons - number of non-bonding electrons

The most likely structure is the one that is most correct (ie has the correct charge on the molecule and also has the - or + charge on the most or least electronegative atom)

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3
Q

Resonance structures

A

Have a bond order (typically) of .5 as the double bond has two possible positions (like in NO₂ and CH₃COO⁻) and so the structure shares the double bond over both bonding atoms. These electrons are considered delocalised.

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4
Q

Drawing lewis structures

A

When drawing lewis structure make sure to remember to include all valence electrons and remember to include square brackets showing charge on the molecule

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5
Q

Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

A

EDG: Linear
MDG: Linear
Bond angle: 180°

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6
Q

Boron trifluoride (BF₃)

A

EDG: Trigonal planar
MDG: Trigonal planar
Bond angle: 120°

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7
Q

Silicon dioxide (SO₂)

A

EDG: Trigonal planar
MDG: Bent
Bond angle: 117.5°

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8
Q

Ammonium (NH₄⁺)

A

EDG: Tetrahederal
MDG: Tetrahederal
Bond angle: 109.5°

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9
Q

Ammonia (NH₃)

A

EDG: Tetrahederal
MDG: Trigonal pyramidal
Bond angle: 107°

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10
Q

Water (H₂O)

A

EDG: Tetrahederal
MDG: Bent
Bond angle: 104.5°

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11
Q

Phosphorus pentafluoride (PF₅)

A

EDG: Trigonal bipyramidal
MDG: Trigonal bipyramidal
Bond angle: 120°, 90°

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12
Q

Sulfur tetrafluoride (SF₄)

A

EDG: Trigonal bipyramidal
MDG: See-saw
Bond angle: <120°, <90°

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13
Q

Chlorine trifluoride (ClF₃)

A

EDG: Trigonal bipyramidal
MDG: T-shape
Bond angle: <90°

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14
Q

Trioiodide ion (I₃⁻)

A

EDG: Trigonal bipyramidal
MDG: linear
Bond angle: 180°

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15
Q

Sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆)

A

EDG: Octahedral
MDG: Octahedral
Bond angle: 90°

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16
Q

Bromine pentafluoride (BrF₅)

A

EDG: Octahedral
MDG: Square pyramidal
Bond angle: <90°

17
Q

Xenon tetrafluoride (XeF₄)

A

EDG: Octahedral
MDG: Square planar
Bond angle: 90°

Chemistry (25 decks)

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