Topic 12 - Describe the examination findings of inspection, palpation and auscultation of the feline thorax! Flashcards

1
Q

How to examine thorax?

A
  1. Inspection
  2. Palpation
  3. Auscultation
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2
Q

What to inspect with the thorax?

A

Skin on chest - Long coat might make it difficult
Posture
Gait
Respiratory movement

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3
Q

Normal posture of cat:

A

Standing on all 4 legs, equal weight

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4
Q

What can cause change shape of the skin of chest?

A
  1. Lordosis will change the shape of the chest
  2. Oedema in chest can collect centrally and change the shape
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5
Q

Which parameters to observe during respiratory movements?

A
  1. Frequency
  2. Rhythm
  3. Type
  4. Depth
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6
Q

Normal frequency of respiratory movements

A

15-30 breaths per minute

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7
Q

Normal reasons for increased frequency of respiratory movements:

A
  1. Excitement
  2. Work
  3. Obesity
  4. High temperature
  5. Pregnancy
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8
Q

Abnormal reasons for increased frequency of respiratory movements:

A
  1. Fever
  2. Hypoxia
  3. Hypercapnia
  4. Pain in the respiratory organs
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9
Q

Abnormal reasons for decreased frequency of respiratory movements:

A
  1. CNS problems
  2. Severe pain
  3. Shock
  4. Toxicosis
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10
Q

Normal rhythm of respiratory movements

A

Regular and even

Normally inspiration is a bit longer than expiration

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11
Q

Reasons for a cat to hold its inspiration:

A
  1. Narrowed upper airway
  2. High abdominal pressure due to pregnancy, ascites etc
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12
Q

Reasons for a cat to hold its expiration:

A
  1. Decreased lung capacity
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13
Q

Reasons due to shorter inspiration and expiration:

A

Pain

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14
Q

Reasons due to longer inspiration and expiration:

A
  1. Exhausting work
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15
Q

Reasons due to abnormal inspiration and expiration:

A

pain in the chest

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16
Q

Reasons due to asymmetric inspiration and expiration:

A

Pain in one lung lobe

17
Q

Normal type of respiratory rhythm in cat:

A

Costabdominal

18
Q

Reasons for abnormal costal respiratory rhythm:

A
  1. Problems with diaphragm
  2. Abdominal pain
19
Q

Reasons for increased respiratory rhythm:

20
Q

Reasons for abnormal abdominal respiratory rhythm:

A

painful chest disease
Paralysis of the intercostal muscles

21
Q

Normal depth of respiratory:

A

Medium deep

22
Q

Reasons for shallow depth of respiratory movements:

A

Painful chest or diaphragm

23
Q

Reasons for deep depth of respiratory movements:

A
  1. Exercise
  2. Hypoxia
24
Q

Which parameters to observe during palpation?

A
  1. Temperature of skin
  2. Fremitus
  3. Check for pain and deformities
25
Normal temperature of skin on the thorax:
Same as the surroundings
26
What is fremitus, and how to check for it?
vibration transmitted through the body By placing a hand on the body
27
How to auscultate?
Start from the front and go towards back, and then from up to down. Auscultate every 3rd of the thorax, in a quiet environment
28
Normal respiratory sound of cat:
Soft, blowing sound
29
Which different respiratory sound do we listen for during auscultation?
1. Heart sound 2. normal respiratory 3. Bronchial sound
30
Where do we listen for the bronchial sound?
Right behind the scapula