Topic 11 - Describe the examination findings of inspection, palpation and auscultation of the canine thorax!

Question 1

How to examine thorax?

Answer 1

1. Inspection
2. Palpation
3. Auscultation

Question 2

What to inspect with the thorax?

Answer 2

Skin on chest - Long coat might make it difficult
Posture
Gait
Respiratory movement

Question 3

Normal posture of dog:

Answer 3

Standing on all 4 legs, equal weight

Question 4

What can cause change shape of the skin of chest?

Answer 4

1. Lordosis will change the shape of the chest
2. Oedema in chest can collect centrally and change the shape

Question 5

Which parameters to observe during respiratory movements?

Answer 5

1. Frequency
2. Rhythm
3. Type
4. Depth

Question 6

Normal frequency of respiratory movements

Answer 6

15-30 breaths per minute

Question 7

Normal reasons for increased frequency of respiratory movements:

Answer 7

1. Excitement
2. Work
3. Obesity
4. High temperature
5. Pregnancy

Question 8

Abnormal reasons for increased frequency of respiratory movements:

Answer 8

1. Fever
2. Hypoxia
3. Hypercapnia
4. Pain in the respiratory organs

Question 9

Abnormal reasons for decreased frequency of respiratory movements:

Answer 9

1. CNS problems
2. Severe pain
3. Shock
4. Toxicosis

Question 10

Normal rhythm of respiratory movements

Answer 10

Regular and even

Normally inspiration is a bit longer than expiration

Question 11

Reasons for a dog to hold its inspiration:

Answer 11

1. Narrowed upper airway
2. High abdominal pressure due to pregnancy, ascites etc

Question 12

Reasons for a dog to hold its expiration:

Answer 12

1. Decreased lung capacity

Question 13

Reasons due to shorter inspiration and expiration:

Answer 13

Pain

Question 14

Reasons due to longer inspiration and expiration:

Answer 14

1. Exhausting work

Question 15

Reasons due to abnormal inspiration and expiration:

Answer 15

pain in the chest

Question 16

Reasons due to asymmetric inspiration and expiration:

Answer 16

Pain in one lung lobe

Question 17

Normal type of respiratory rhythm in dog:

Answer 17

Costabdominal

Question 18

Reasons for abnormal costal respiratory rhythm:

Answer 18

1. Problems with diaphragm
2. Abdominal pain

Question 19

Reasons for increased respiratory rhythm:

Answer 19

Pregnancy

Question 20

Reasons for abnormal abdominal respiratory rhythm:

Answer 20

painful chest disease
Paralysis of the intercostal muscles

Question 21

Normal depth of respiratory:

Answer 21

Medium deep

Question 22

Reasons for shallow depth of respiratory movements:

Answer 22

Painful chest or diaphragm

Question 23

Reasons for deep depth of respiratory movements:

Answer 23

1. Exercise
2. Hypoxia

Question 24

Which parameters to observe during palpation?

Answer 24

1. Temperature of skin
2. Fremitus
3. Check for pain and deformities

Question 25

Normal temperature of skin on the thorax:

Answer 25

Same as the surroundings

Question 26

What is fremitus, and how to check for it?

Answer 26

vibration transmitted through the body

By placing a hand on the body

Question 27

How to ausculate?

Answer 27

Start from the front and go towards back, and then from up to down.
Auscultate every 3rd of the thorax, in a quiet environment

Question 28

Normal respiratory sound of dog:

Answer 28

Soft, blowing sound

Question 29

Which different respiratory sound do we listen for during auscultation?

Answer 29

1. Heart sound
2. normal respiratory
3. Bronchial sound

Question 30

Where do we listen for the bronchial sound?

Answer 30

Right behind the scapula