TOPIC 10 - musculoskeletal Flashcards
neurovascular assessment
1) Pain
2) Paresthesia
3) Pallor
4) Paralysis
5) Pulselessness
6) Poikilothermia
types of fractures
transverse
spiral
greenstick
comminuted
oblique
pathologic
stress
care for closed reduction fracture (not open)
splint first to align bone
cast placed once swelling goes down
traction
fracture of hip, femur, etc
need all in alignment to heal (need something pulling/weight)
bucks
skeletal
surgeries for fractures
open reduction and internal fixation
external fixation devices
hip replacement
cast care
immoblize, PRICE (protection, rest, ice, compression, elevation)
when pt should call the doctor with cast
increased or severe pain
warm or painful spot
problems with the cast (skin burns, too tight, swelling, new fever, drainage, foul smell), food or hand is cool or pale, numbness and tingling, trouble moving extremities, blot clot symptoms (pain, redness, swelling), if cast is breaking apart, you are not getting better as expected
traction definition
application of pulling force to a part of the body to provide reduction, alignment, rest, decrease muscle spasm, correct deformity and tissue damage
purpose of skin traction
decrease painful muscle spasms, stabilize fracture, involves velcro boot, weights are used as pulling force, weights should hang freely, skin assessment is crucial
purpose of skeletal traction
decrease painful muscle spasm, stabilize fracture, pins and wires are inserted into skin and bone for external fixation, provide pin care, assess signs of infection at pin sites
ORIF pre op
neurovascular status of affected limb, vitals, pain and spasms, bucks traction, NPO, consent, skin integrity, DVT
total joint arthroplasty definition
surgical removal of a diseased or fractures joint and replaced with a metal or plastic joint
can be partial or total
what to assess for total joint arthroplasty
risk factors (including meds), musculoskeletal, mobility and function, pain, weight bearing
if the femur neck is broken …
hip replacement
primary concern with hip replacement
assessment and prevention of neurovascular dysfunction or compromise (can decrease arterial perfusion and increase risk of complications)
