Topic 1: Parts of the Brain Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 structures that protect the brain?

A
  1. Skull
  2. Cerebrofluid
  3. Meninges
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2
Q

Function of cerebellum

A
  • located at the base of the brain
  • called ‘little brain’
  • muscle-coordination and balance
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3
Q

Function of Pons

A
  • the largest part of the brain stems that functions as a connection between the cerebrum and cerebellum
  • regulates breathing and sleep cycles
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4
Q

Function of Outer Cerebral Cortex

A
  • the outer layer of the cerebrum
  • where all conscious thought about how we think, feel, and we what we do happens
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5
Q

Function of Frontal Lobe

A
  • used for problem-solving, decision-making, planning, expression of emotion and personality.
  • production of speech (Broca’s aphasia)
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6
Q

Location and Function of Primary Motor Cortex

A
  • Located in the frontal lobe
  • Initiates voluntary muscle movement
  • The larger the area of PMC assigned to a part part, the more dextrous (skilled) it will be
  • takes information from Broca’s area and tells the muscles of your face, mouth, tongue, lips, and throat how to move to form speech.
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7
Q

Function of Parietal Lobe

A
  • used to process sensory information and for spatial awareness/direction.
  • located upper back half of brain
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8
Q

Location and Function of Primary Somatosensory Cortex

A
  • located in Parietal Lobe
  • receives and processes information about touch, temperature, and position of muscles.
  • the larger the area of PSC assigned to the body part, the more sensitive it will be.
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9
Q

Function of Occipital Lobe

A
  • dedicated to vision and visual processing
  • The left lobe receives information from the right visual field, and the right lobe receives information from the left visual field
  • Contains primary visual cortex
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10
Q

Function of Temporal Lobe

A
  • located next to the ears
  • responsible for hearing, language comprehension and recognising faces, places, paintings and songs.
  • contains Primary Auditory Cortex
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11
Q

Broca’s Aphasia

A
  • located in the LEFT frontal lobe
  • responcible for motor speech production.
  • they struggle with the production of fluent speech, experiencing difficulty forming words, but can understand other people’s speech
  • struggle to form words, limited language
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12
Q

Wernicke’s Aphasia

A
  • located LEFT temporal lobe
  • responcible for the comprehension of speech, including the interpretation of the sound of human speech
  • reading is difficult due to comprehension difficulties
  • include words that aren’t needed
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13
Q

What nutrients do neurons need?

A

Glucose, fatty acids, amino acids

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14
Q

What wastes are removed?

A

Carbon Dioxide, Water

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15
Q

Function of Brain Stem

A
  • regulates survival functions eg heartbeat, blood pressure and breathing rates
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16
Q

Function of Thalamus

A

sensory data arrives here and is then relayed to specific parts of the cortex

17
Q

Function of Hypothalamus

A
  • regulates body temperature, appetite, thirst and hormones (growth).
18
Q

Function of Hippocampus

A
  • makes new memories, is our direction finder/navigator
19
Q

Function of Pineal Gland

A
  • body internal body clock, regulates out body’s sleep-wake cycles, and releases melatonin
20
Q

Function of Amygdala

A
  • emotions of fear and anger, play a key role in our emotional responses
  • releases adrenaline
21
Q

Definition of Hemispheric Specialisation

A

the idea that each hemisphere of the brain has specific functions that it is better at performing

22
Q

Role of Left Hemisphere

A
  • controls the right side of the body
  • logical and analytical side eg science + math
23
Q

Role of Right Hemisphere

A
  • controls the left side of the body
  • creative and intuitive side eg; recognising faces, understanding emotion