Topic 1 Pages 1-7 Core Assesment Yr9 Flashcards
Source
The food an nutrient is found in
Function
The job a nutrient has in a body
Diet
The food we eat on a day to day basis
Nutrient
A substance found in food that has a specific function in the body
Deficiency
Not getting enough of a nutrient
Excess
Getting to much of a nutrient
Food
Anything we eat or drink
Nutrition
The study of food and its effects on the body
What is the GP
The first point of contact for patients with health concerns. He/she listens to the patient’s description of their symptoms then carries out tests, diagnoses illness and disease, prescribes suitable treatments and refers patients for specialist help.
What is a dietician
This person gives advice to individuals and groups about their diets. He/she advises caterers in hospitals and nursing homes about menus and carries out research into the links between food and its effects on the body.
What is a Specialist nurse
This is someone who usually works alongside doctors in a hospital or health centre to monitor and advise individual patients. He/she will have detailed training to be able to support patients with specific diet related conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure.
State the names of the five main nutrients/groups of nutrients.
- Protein
- Fat
- Carbohydrates
- Vitamins
- Minerals
In addition to these nutrients we also need water and dietary fibre for our bodies to function properly.
How much water do we need?
About 70% of the human body is water.
Women should drink 1.6l of fluid per day.
• Men should drink 2l of fluid per day.
That’s about eight 200ml glasses for women and 10 for men
Write down FOUR causes of dehydration
Excessive sweating in high temperatures
Excessive sweating during exercise
Vomiting and diarrhoea
Low fluid intake
Write down FOUR symptoms of dehydration.
headache
thirst
tiredness
dark coloured urine
lack of concentrationconfusion
Write down SIX sources (foods) of water in our diets that can help contribute to the two litres of fluids per day
- Soup
2.Fruit - Salad vegetables
4.Smoothies and juices - Milk
6.Cooked pasta - Yoghurt
- Custard
Complete the following functions of water in the body
1. Water transports……………. around the body.
2. It helps us get rid of ………….products
3. It helps protect and lubricate………., eyes and throat.
4. It evaporates from the skin when we get too hot and therefore helps regulate……………
- Nutrients
- Waste
3.joints
4.body temperature
(Explain what and where you find dietary fibre)
Dietary fibre is found only in plant foods. It absorbs water, swells and provides bulk to help move food through the body. In the short-term, if not enough fibre is eaten a condition known as constipation can develop. A prolonged deficiency of fibre can result in
more serious diseases such as bowel cancer and diverticular disease.
How much dietary fibre must we have a day. Give 1 example how to include more dietary fibre in your diet.
We should aim to eat 30g of fibre each day.
One way to include fibre in the diet is to eat wholegrain bread instead of white bread.
Explain the difference between white bread and wholegrain bread
Wholegrain bread has much more fibre because it includes the bran part of the cereal grain which contains fibre. White bread is made only from the starchy part of the cereal grain called the endosperm; it therefore contains much less fibre than wholegrain bread.
Write down FOUR good sources of fibre other than wholemeal bread.
- Brown rice
- Brown Pasta
3.fruit and vegetables with there skins
4.potatoes with the skins
5.nuts and seeds
6.whole grain breakfast cereal
What do you need protein for?
Protein is needed for:
• rapid growth during childhood and adolescence
• repair and maintenance of all body cells and tissues at all stages of life
List some sources of protein
Beef,Soya products,Kidney,Lentils,Poultry,Quorn,Milk, cheese, yoghurt ,Chick peas,Eggs,Bread, pasta, rice
What are the effects of eating to much protein
Very large intakes can damage the kidneys
What is fat needed for ?
Fat is needed to:
• provide a concentrated source of energy
• insulate the body to maintain body temperature at 37°C
• protect the vital organs e.g. the kidneys
What are some saturated fats sources (visible white fat)?
Butter
Sausages
Cream
Burgers
Bacon
Usually from animal sources
What is some unsaturated fats sources?
(usually from plant sources)
Nuts
Sunflower oils (e.g. Flora)
Olives and olive oil
Avocado
Seeds
What are the side effects of eating to much fat
A diet high in SATURATED fat may lead to coronary heart disease
Too much fat of any kind may lead to obesity
What is the function of carbohydrates?
• Carbohydrates supply the body with energy
What are some sources of starch carbohydrates? (Releases energy slowly)
Bread
Pasta
Rice
Couscous
Potatoes
What are some sources of sugary carbohydrates?(releases energy quickly)
Sweets
Fizzy drinks e.g. Coke
Some sauces e.g. sweet and sour
Cakes & buns
Biscuits
What is the side effects of eating to much carbohydrates
If more starch or sugar is eaten than is required the excess is stored as fat in the body and this may lead to obesity
Excess sugar can lead to tooth decay and obesity
