Topic 1 Page 8-end Yr 9

Question 1

What are the two functions of iron in the body

Answer 1

1. Iron is needed to form haemoglobin which gives healthy red blood cells their colour. These cells carry oxygen around the body where it helps release energy
2. Iron is needed to help prevent anaemia which makes you feel tired and look pale.

Question 2

Haem iron

Answer 2

Haem iron is similar to the iron in our blood so it is easy to absorb. It is usually found in animal foods (not eggs though)

Question 3

Non Haem iron

Answer 3

Non-Haem cannot be absorbed by the body unless it is eaten with a food containing vitamin C (I.e fruit and vegetables) non Haem iron is found in some plant foods.

Question 4

Examples of where Haem iron is found

Answer 4

Beef
Poultry
Fish
Liver
Pork

Question 5

Non-Haem can be found in

Answer 5

Eggs
Nuts
Fortified breakfast cereals
Dark green leafy vegetables
Dried fruit

Question 6

Vitamin C functions in the body

Answer 6

1. Vitamin C helps the body absorb NON-HAEM iron
2. It boosts the immune system and helps us avoid Minor infections such as the cold and flu.
3. It is an antioxidant vitamin which help protect the body against serious diseases such as coronary heart disease and cancer

Question 7

Sources of vitamin C

Answer 7

1. Berries e.g strawberries
   2.currants e.g red currants
2. Kiwi
3. Cabbage.
4. Peppers
5. Citrus fruit e.g oranges, lemons
   Vitamin C is only found in fruit and veg

Question 8

How meny portions of fruit and veg should you have a day to consume enough vitamin C every day?

Answer 8

Five

Question 9

Functions of calcium in the body

Answer 9

1. To form strong bones and teeth in children and adolescents. Having enough calcium during teenage years is important. This is the peak (best) time for building strong bones as the bones are growing at their fastest rate.
2. To maintain strong bones and teeth in adults.

Question 10

How much portions of dairy should we consume a day how much is one portion?

Answer 10

Three
Milk is 200ml glass
Yogurt is 150g pot
Cheese 30g
Low in fat dairy products ideally

Question 11

What is the function of dairy in the body

Answer 11

We need it to maintain strong bones and teeth.

Question 12

What are some other sources of calcium that are not dairy products

Answer 12

-tinned fish with bones e.g salmon
-white bread
-dark Green vegetables e.g kale,spinach
-pulses
-soya milk

Question 13

How do we get vitamin D

Answer 13

Vitamin D is found when sunlight (UV light) hits our skin. It causes a chemical reaction beneath the surface of the skin which helps the body, make its own vitamin D .

Question 14

The function of vitamin D in the body

Answer 14

Absorb and use calcium. Therefore It works with calcium to form and maintain strong bones and teeth.

Question 15

3 food sources of vitamin D

Answer 15

1. Cheese
2. Eggs
3. Oily fish e.g salmon

Question 16

What are processed foods?

Answer 16

processed food is any food that has gone under some process in some way during preparation. Food processing can be as basic as: freezing. canning.

Question 17

What is an advantage of processed food?

Answer 17

They help save time when making meals.
Can be stored for long time
They add variety to diet
Frozen fruit and veg have a higher nutritional value than fresh

Question 18

What is a disadvantage of processed food?

Answer 18

Can be more expensive than fresh food
Some people don’t like food with additives
Can have very low nutritional value

Question 19

Some examples of processed food

Answer 19

Canned: Cartons: Cook-chill: Dried food: Frozen food:
Tomatoes. Fruit juice. Ready bought lasagna Soup. Berries

Jars: Ready to eat:
Jam. Fruit salad

Question 20

List some nutritional value of some dishes could be improved by the addition of an appropriate processed food

Answer 20

You could add some fruit salad to ice cream or already washed salad leaves to a burger

Question 21

List the names of FOUR processed foods that should not be eaten often because of their high fat, salt or sugar content

Answer 21

Tinned fruit in syrup as it has a lot of salt
Crisps salt and fat
Pizza as it has lots of fat salt
Cream cakes has lots of fat and sugar

Question 22

•the name of the bone disease that occurs mainly in elderly women when calcium leaves the bones

Answer 22

Osteoporosis

Question 23

•the name of the bone disease which occurs in children who have a deficiency of calcium in their diets

Answer 23

Rickets

Question 24

• the name of the disease which occurs mainly in developing countries and is caused by protein deficiency

Answer 24

Kwashiorkor

Question 25

• the name of the deficiency disease that occurred amongst sailors and pirates on board ships that sailed for longer than fruit and vegetables could be stored

Answer 25

Scurvy

Question 26

• the proper name for vitamin D

Answer 26

Cholecalciferol