Topic 1 Flashcards
What is the term for the study of body functions?
Physiology
What is the study of large body structures visible without magnification called?
Gross Anatomy
What is the term for the process by which a cell becomes specialized to perform a specific function?
Differentiation
What term describes the body’s tendency to maintain a stable internal environment?
Homeostasis
What type of anatomy focuses on structures within a specific body region?
Regional Anatomy
What are the structures that respond to deviations from the set point in a feedback loop called?
Effectors
What term describes the chemical changes in the body that require energy to maintain life?
Metabolism
What is the normal range that an environmental parameter is controlled around called?
Set point
What type of feedback loop amplifies or increases the occurrence of events?
Positive feedback loop
What type of anatomy studies structures observable only with magnification devices?
Microscopic anatomy
Front: What are the seven functions/characteristics of human life?
Organization: cells, tissues, organs
Metabolism: energy-requiring reactions
Responsiveness: sensing and reacting to changes
Movement: change in position or internal motion
Growth: increase in body size
Reproduction: passing DNA to new individuals
Development: changes including differentiation
What are the requirements for human life?
Oxygen: needed to make ATP, cell energy
Nutrients: water, food, vitamins
Temperature: must stay within a narrow range
Atmospheric Pressure: necessary for breathing
What is the process called where the body detects changes and makes adjustments to maintain homeostasis?
Feedback Loops
What term describes the narrow range within which the body can function optimally?
Normal Range
What are sensors (receptors) responsible for in the feedback loop mechanism?
Detecting conditions within the body, such as temperature, and relaying information to the brain
