13 Flashcards
What is the primary function of the endocrine system?
A) Regulate movement
B) Produce hormones
C) Control body temperature
D) Process sensory information
Answer: B) Produce hormones
Which gland is known as the “master gland” of the endocrine system?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Pineal gland
C) Pituitary gland
D) Adrenal gland
Answer: C) Pituitary gland
What hormone is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism?
A) Insulin
B) Thyroxine
C) Cortisol
D) Adrenaline
Answer: B) Thyroxine
Which gland produces insulin?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Pancreas
C) Adrenal gland
D) Pituitary gland
Answer: B) Pancreas
The adrenal glands are located on top of which organs?
A) Lungs
B) Kidneys
C) Liver
D) Heart
Answer: B) Kidneys
Which hormone is released in response to stress?
A) Insulin
B) Estrogen
C) Cortisol
D) Progesterone
Answer: C) Cortisol
What is the role of oxytocin in the body?
A) Regulates blood sugar levels
B) Stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth
C) Controls the sleep-wake cycle
D) Influences metabolism
Answer: B) Stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth
The thyroid gland produces which hormone that regulates calcium levels in the blood?
A) Calcitonin
B) Parathyroid hormone
C) Insulin
D) Glucagon
Answer: A) Calcitonin
Which hormone is responsible for the “fight or flight” response?
A) Cortisol
B) Insulin
C) Adrenaline
D) Thyroxine
Answer: C) Adrenaline
What is the main function of parathyroid hormone?
A) Increase blood calcium levels
B) Lower blood sugar levels
C) Regulate metabolism
D) Stimulate growth
Answer: A) Increase blood calcium levels
Which gland is responsible for regulating the body’s circadian rhythms?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Pituitary gland
C) Pineal gland
D) Adrenal gland
Answer: C) Pineal gland
What type of hormones are steroids?
A) Water-soluble hormones
B) Lipid-soluble hormones
C) Protein-based hormones
D) Peptide hormones
Answer: B) Lipid-soluble hormones
Which hormone is primarily involved in regulating water balance in the body?
A) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
B) Aldosterone
C) Insulin
D) Thyroxine
Answer: A) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions. Which is NOT an endocrine function?
A) Producing insulin
B) Producing glucagon
C) Secreting digestive enzymes
D) Regulating blood sugar levels
Answer: C) Secreting digestive enzymes
What is the effect of glucagon on blood glucose levels?
A) Lowers blood glucose levels
B) Raises blood glucose levels
C) Stabilizes blood glucose levels
D) Has no effect on blood glucose levels
Answer: B) Raises blood glucose levels
Which hormone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Testosterone
D) Luteinizing hormone
Answer: C) Testosterone
The main role of the thymus gland is to:
A) Regulate metabolism
B) Produce insulin
C) Support immune function
D) Control stress responses
Answer: C) Support immune function
What triggers the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland?
A) Nerve signals
B) Blood hormone levels
C) Hypothalamic hormones
D) Feedback loops
Answer: C) Hypothalamic hormones
Which hormone primarily regulates the menstrual cycle?
A) Testosterone
B) Estrogen
C) Progesterone
D) Both B and C
Answer: D) Both B and C
Which condition is caused by an underactive thyroid?
A) Hyperthyroidism
B) Hypothyroidism
C) Diabetes
D) Addison’s disease
Answer: B) Hypothyroidism
What is the main effect of aldosterone?
A) Increase blood sugar
B) Regulate blood pressure by increasing sodium reabsorption
C) Stimulate muscle growth
D) Enhance immune response
Answer: B) Regulate blood pressure by increasing sodium reabsorption
Which hormone stimulates the production of milk in nursing mothers?
A) Oxytocin
B) Prolactin
C) Estrogen
D) Luteinizing hormone
Answer: B) Prolactin
What role do the testes play in the endocrine system?
A) Produce testosterone
B) Regulate insulin levels
C) Control stress responses
D) Produce estrogen
Answer: A) Produce testosterone
The adrenal cortex produces which type of hormones?
A) Peptide hormones
B) Steroid hormones
C) Amine hormones
D) Protein hormones
Answer: B) Steroid hormones
What is the primary function of insulin?
A) Increase blood glucose levels
B) Decrease blood glucose levels
C) Increase energy production
D) Regulate water balance
Answer: B) Decrease blood glucose levels
Which hormone regulates blood pressure and fluid balance?
A) Insulin
B) Cortisol
C) Aldosterone
D) Thyroxine
Answer: C) Aldosterone
What is the effect of estrogen on the female reproductive system?
A) Promotes development of female secondary sexual characteristics
B) Stimulates production of testosterone
C) Inhibits ovulation
D) Regulates blood sugar levels
Answer: A) Promotes development of female secondary sexual characteristics
What gland is responsible for the fight or flight response through hormone release?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Pituitary gland
D) Pancreas
Answer: B) Adrenal gland
Which hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?
A) Growth hormone
B) Oxytocin
C) Adrenocorticotropic hormone
D) Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Answer: B) Oxytocin
What is the function of luteinizing hormone (LH)?
A) Stimulates ovulation
B) Regulates blood sugar
C) Increases metabolism
D) Promotes sleep
Answer: A) Stimulates ovulation
What natural effect does oxytocin have during intimate physical contact?
A) Increases stress levels
B) Promotes relaxation and reduces stress
C) Decreases blood flow
D) Inhibits hormone production
Answer: B) Promotes relaxation and reduces stress
