17 Flashcards
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
A) Circulate blood
B) Break down food into nutrients
C) Regulate body temperature
D) Produce hormones
Answer: B) Break down food into nutrients
Which organ is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?
A) Stomach
B) Small intestine
C) Large intestine
D) Esophagus
Answer: B) Small intestine
What is the function of the stomach?
A) Absorb water
B) Store bile
C) Break down proteins
D) Produce insulin
Answer: C) Break down proteins
Which enzyme is responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates?
A) Pepsin
B) Amylase
C) Lipase
D) Lactase
Answer: B) Amylase
What is the primary role of the large intestine?
A) Digest proteins
B) Absorb nutrients
C) Absorb water and electrolytes
D) Produce bile
Answer: C) Absorb water and electrolytes
Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
A) Epiglottis
B) Uvula
C) Esophagus
D) Pharynx
Answer: A) Epiglottis
What is bile and where is it produced?
A) A digestive enzyme produced in the stomach
B) A fluid that emulsifies fats, produced in the liver
C) A type of hormone produced in the pancreas
D) A protein found in saliva
Answer: B) A fluid that emulsifies fats, produced in the liver
What is the role of the pancreas in digestion?
A) Store bile
B) Produce digestive enzymes and hormones
C) Absorb nutrients
D) Break down fats
Answer: B) Produce digestive enzymes and hormones
Which part of the digestive system is responsible for the transport of food from the mouth to the stomach?
A) Esophagus
B) Small intestine
C) Pharynx
D) Large intestine
Answer: A) Esophagus
What is the function of the villi in the small intestine?
A) Increase surface area for absorption
B) Produce enzymes
C) Store waste
D) Regulate pH levels
Answer: A) Increase surface area for absorption
Which type of digestion occurs in the mouth?
A) Mechanical and chemical digestion
B) Only mechanical digestion
C) Only chemical digestion
D) No digestion occurs
Answer: A) Mechanical and chemical digestion
What is chyme?
A) The enzyme that digests proteins
B) The mixture of food and digestive juices in the stomach
C) The fluid produced by the liver
D) The waste product of digestion
Answer: B) The mixture of food and digestive juices in the stomach
Which organ is responsible for detoxifying substances in the body?
A) Stomach
B) Liver
C) Pancreas
D) Gallbladder
Answer: B) Liver
What is the main function of saliva in digestion?
A) Break down fats
B) Begin the digestion of carbohydrates
C) Neutralize stomach acid
D) Absorb nutrients
Answer: B) Begin the digestion of carbohydrates
How long does food typically remain in the stomach?
A) 1-2 hours
B) 2-4 hours
C) 6-8 hours
D) 10-12 hours
Answer: B) 2-4 hours
What are the primary nutrients absorbed in the small intestine?
A) Water and electrolytes
B) Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
C) Vitamins and minerals
D) Only carbohydrates
Answer: B) Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
What is the role of the rectum in the digestive system?
A) Absorb nutrients
B) Store and expel waste
C) Digest food
D) Produce bile
Answer: B) Store and expel waste
What condition results from inflammation of the stomach lining?
A) Gastroenteritis
B) Gastritis
C) Colitis
D) Appendicitis
Answer: B) Gastritis
Which vitamin is primarily produced by bacteria in the large intestine?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B12
C) Vitamin K
D) Vitamin C
Answer: C) Vitamin K
What is the primary function of the gallbladder?
A) Produce digestive enzymes
B) Store and concentrate bile
C) Absorb nutrients
D) Neutralize stomach acid
Answer: B) Store and concentrate bile
Which part of the digestive tract is the longest?
A) Stomach
B) Large intestine
C) Small intestine
D) Esophagus
Answer: C) Small intestine
What is the main source of energy for the body that is absorbed during digestion?
A) Proteins
B) Carbohydrates
C) Fats
D) Vitamins
Answer: B) Carbohydrates
What type of muscle contractions moves food through the digestive tract?
A) Isometric
B) Peristalsis
C) Tonic
D) Voluntary
Answer: B) Peristalsis
What is the pH level of stomach acid?
A) Neutral
B) Acidic, around 1.5-3.5
C) Alkaline
D) Slightly basic
Answer: B) Acidic, around 1.5-3.5
Which digestive disorder is characterized by the presence of pouches in the colon?
A) Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
B) Diverticulosis
C) Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
D) Celiac disease
Answer: B) Diverticulosis
What substance is produced by the pancreas to neutralize stomach acid?
A) Bile
B) Amylase
C) Sodium bicarbonate
D) Pepsin
Answer: C) Sodium bicarbonate
What is the main function of the appendix?
A) Digest food
B) Absorb nutrients
C) Store gut bacteria
D) Produce enzymes
Answer: C) Store gut bacteria
Which organ is NOT part of the digestive tract?
A) Stomach
B) Esophagus
C) Liver
D) Small intestine
Answer: C) Liver
Which macronutrient is primarily broken down by lipase?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Proteins
C) Fats
D) Vitamins
Answer: C) Fats
What is the primary function of dietary fiber?
A) Provide energy
B) Aid in digestion and prevent constipation
C) Promote fat absorption
D) Supply essential vitamins
Answer: B) Aid in digestion and prevent constipation
