Topic 1 Flashcards
Levels of structural organization
Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organismal
Chubby cubs thanking other silly otters
Chemical level
Molecules of life, water, DNA, protein, glucose, and glycogen
Types of cellular diversity
Muscle, skin, nerve
Tissue (term)
Term used for the specialized groups of cells with similar structure and function
The 4 types of tissue
1) Epithelial-covers surfaces
2) Muscle-skeletal, smooth, cardiac
3) Connective-cells, fibres, ground substance, tendons, ligaments, fascia, blood, fat, and bone
4) Nervous-enables you to think, sense, and move
What is an organ made up of
A number of different tissue types with similar structure and function
11 systems of the body
Skin Bones and joints Muscular Nervous Endocrine Cardiovascular Lymphatic Respiratory Digestive Urinary Reproductive Silly Bonnie must not even care Larry really did us right
Homeostasis
A condition of equilibrium (balance) in the body’s continually changing internal environment
Homeostasis can be disrupted by
Physical insults
Changes in the internal environment
Physiological stress
Disruptions
Body fluids
Dilute, watery solutions containing dissolved chemicals inside or outside the cell
Intracellular fluid
Fluid within cells
Extra cellular fluid
Fluid outside of cells
Interstitial fluid
Extracellular fluid between cells and tissues
5 types of extracellular fluid
1) blood plasma-ECF within blood vessels
2) lymph-ECF within lymphatic vessels
3) cerebrospinal-ECF in brain and spinal cord
4) synovial-ECF in joints
5) aqueous humor and vitreous body-ECF in eyes
What happens if homeostasis is disrupted
Disease occurs
How to distinguish a disease
Signs and symptoms
Medical history
Physical examination
Signs
Objective and can be seen and measured
Symptoms
Subjective, experience by the patient and must be described by patient
Palpation
Non invasive diagnostic technique: gently touching the body surface with hands
Auscultation
Non invasive diagnostic technique: listening to body sounds
Percussion
Non invasive diagnostic technique: tapping on the body surface with fingertips and listening to echoes
Medical imaging
Non invasive diagnostic technique: Xray, MRI, CT scan, etc
Frontal plane
Aka coronal plane
Divides body into anterior and posterior halves
Saggital plane
Divides body into left and right halves
Transversal plane
Aka horizontal plane
Divides body into top and bottom halves
Think trans boobs and dicks lol
Appendicular skeleton
Upper limb including the shoulder girdle
Lower limb including the pelvic girdle
Axial skeleton
Includes the bones of the skull, ears, spine, and ribcage
