Topic 1-1

Question 1

what is genetics?

Answer 1

the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variaition

Question 2

what is a gene?

Answer 2

• a basic unit of heredity
• a sequence of DNA that codes for a product and its regulatory regions

Question 3

where are genes located?

Answer 3

chromosomes

Question 4

what is an allele?

Answer 4

one or two or more versions of a gene (A vs a)

Question 5

what is a genome?

Answer 5

the complete set of genetic material in a cell

Question 6

true or false: a genome includes mitochondrial, chloroplast and plasmid DNA, as well as just nuclear DNA

Answer 6

true

Question 7

genes are _________, whereas traits/phenotypes are observable characteristics that manifest as a result of ________, and the ________ that influences gene expression

Answer 7

inherited, the genes and individual carries, environment

Question 8

when a particular trait can be passed genetically

Answer 8

heritable trait

Question 9

the flow of information within cells is known as the:

Answer 9

central dogma

Question 10

all organisms are thought to have evolved from a common ancestor aournd _______ years ago

Answer 10

4 billion

Question 11

organisms with characteristics that make them useful for genetic analysis

Answer 11

model genetic organisms

Question 12

• short generation time
• production of numerous progeny
• can carry out controlled genetic crosses
• can be reared in a laboratory environment
• avaliability of numerous genetic variants
• have an accumulated body of knowledge about their genetic systems
  these are all traits of:

Answer 12

model organisms