Topi 24: Anthropods Flashcards
Body plan of an anthropod:
- segmented body
- jointed ppendages
- hard exoskeleton
Two ways atrhopod evolution is characterized by?
- decrese in the # of body segmets
- increase in appendage specialization
All anthropod embryos are ___
Segmented
Tagmata
Functional units
What does the arrangement of body segments and libs do for function
It provides specialized function
Distinct roles of jointed paired appendages
- head appendages : feeding, sensory
- thoracic appendage: locomotion
- abdominal appendages: swimming, reproduction, etc.
6 characteristics of anthropods
- jointed pair appendages
- segmented body
- hard cuticle made of chitin
- cephalization
- reduced coloem
- open circulatory system
What is the primary cavity in an anthropod?
- hemocoel
Why odo anthropods have a reduced coelom
Due to strong segmented limbs
an extinct group of antrhopods
trilobita
three distinct tagmata segments in trilobites
cephlon, thorax, and pygidium
subphylum names after claw like feeding appendages:
a)chelicerates
b) myriapods
a) cheliceratesz
two tagmata in chelicerates
anterior cephalthorax (6 appendages)
and posterior abdomen
characteristics of arachnids- symple eyespots
- most are fluid feeding predators
arachids
characteristics of spiders
- fluid feeding predators
- simple eyespots
- spinnerets
abdominal gland that produces silk
spinnerets
- pedipalps modified into grasping pincers
- segmented abdomen
scorpions (chelicerata)
- no separation between the cephalothorac and abdomen
- 2-3 segemented chelicerae
-mites (chelicerata)
basal group of anthropoda
chelicerates
- terrestrial
- less tagmatized body plan
- gas exchange by respiratory tubes
- direct development
myriapods (clad myriapods)
myriapod group with
- two pairs of jointed legs per segment
millipedes
myriapod group that are
- fast moving predators
- one pair of jointed legs per segment
centipedes
are crustaceons paraphyletic or monophyletics
para
small crustaceans which are planktonic
copepods
large crustaceans that include lobsters, crayfish and shrimp
decapods
three tagmata in crustaceans
head, thorax and abdomen
are the head and thorax fused in a cephal thorax in crustaceans
yes
crrustacean body plan includes:
- 3 tagmata
-biramous limbs, caraspace - two pairs of antennae
- compound eyes
o crustaceans have branched or unbranched limbs
branched
in crustaceans how many pairs of antanne do they have
2 paris
mouthparts in crustacean s
mandables
antennae in crustaceans that serves as tasting and manipulating food
maxillae
what do thoracic limbs do for crustaceans
locomotion
what are the abdominal limbs for in crustaceans
sqimming, gas xchang, feilter feeding, holding eggs
in crustaceans, what is the exoskeleton stengthened byÉ
biomineralization
small crustaceans excahnge gas through _____ while larger crustaceans do gas exchange by ___
cuticle, gills
copulation
sexual reproduction
6-legged anthropods
subphylum hexapods
group that are the only invertebrates that developed wings for flight
insects
____ are a shared derived trait of pterygota
wings
what is a key factor for adaptive radiation in insects
flight
____ resemble adults and undergo many moults to develop into an adult
nymph
what di insects with coplete metamorphosis do?
they pass through a larval stage and develop wings at a pupal stage
how do non-insect hexapods fertizilize
fetilize sperm indirectly by delivering a package of sperm (spermatophore)
do all Pterygote insects (insects with wings) copulate
yes
insects typically live on lanb but they have a _______ _____ stage
aquatic larval stage
are insects detritivores (aid in recycling)
yes
difference in segmentation with millipedes and centipedes
millipeddes have 2 pairs of legs per segment
centipedes only have one pair
somethings that covers cephalothorax that covoers the dorsal and lateral sides
carspace
