Tolerance and Autoimmunity - week 10

Question 1

———: is an immune response against self antigens or antigens associated with the commensal
microbiota

Answer 1

Autoimmunity

Question 2

The processes & mechanisms that control anti-self immune attack are collectively known as ——- or ——–

Answer 2

tolerance or self-tolerance

Question 3

Organ-specific autoimmune disease

* affects single organ

Answer 3

1) T1D (Type IV)
2) MS (Type IV)
4) Grave’s Disease (Type II)
5) Goodpasture’s syndrome (Type II)

Question 4

Systemic autoimmune disease

* multisystem disorder

Answer 4

1) SLE (Type III)
2) Rheumatoid arthritis (Type IV)

Question 5

patho of Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 5

Antibody inhibit binding of ACh

Question 6

Target Antigen in Mysathenia Gravis?

Answer 6

Acetylcholine receptor

Question 7

CM of Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 7

Muscle weakness and paralysis

Question 8

Myasthenia Gravis is Type —- hypersensitivity

Answer 8

Type II

Question 9

patho of Goodpasture syndrome

Answer 9

AutoAbds are formed against Type IV collagen –> complement activation and inflammation

Question 10

Autoantibodies invlolved in Goodpasture’s syndrome?

Answer 10

IgG

Question 11

Target antigen in Goodpasture syndrome

Answer 11

Type IV collagen in the basement membrane of the kidney glomeruli and lung alveoli

Question 12

CM of Goodpasture syndrome

Answer 12

nephritis and lung heamorahage

Question 13

A kidney biopsy from a patient w/ Goodpasture syndrome will show?

Answer 13

Linear deposition of IgG and C3 along the GBM

Question 14

Goodpasture syndrome is a Type —– hypersensitivity

Answer 14

Type II

Question 15

Epi od SLE?

Answer 15

F>M
20-40 yrs

Question 16

SLE is Type —— hypersensitivy

Answer 16

Type III

Question 17

Target antigen in Graves disease

Answer 17

TSH receptor
(over activation)

Question 18

Patho of Graves disease

Answer 18

Antibody-mediated stimultion of TSH receptors

Question 19

CM of Graves disease

Answer 19

Hyperthyroidism than becomes Hypothyroidisn

Question 20

Graves disease is a Type —- Hypersensitivity

Answer 20

Type II

Question 21

Type IV hyper causes tissue damage by ?

Answer 21

CD4+ or CD8+ T cells activation

Question 22

Epi T1D

Answer 22

youth under 14

Question 23

Specificity of Type 1 diabetes

Answer 23

islet antigens and insulin

Question 24

CM of T1D?

Answer 24

1) chroninc in inflammation and destruction of β-cells
2) polyuriea
3) polydispia
4) ketoacidosis

Question 25

T1D is a Type **-----** hyper.

Answer 25

**Type IV**

Question 26

Specificity of Multiple sclerosis

Answer 26

Myelin basic protein

Question 27

CM of MS

Answer 27

Blurred vision, progressive muscle weakness and paralysis

Question 28

Mulitiple sclerosis is a type **-----** hyper.

Answer 28

Type IV

Question 29

Epi of Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 29

W> M 40-60 yrs

Question 30

Specificity of Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 30

Unknown antigen in joint synovium

Question 31

CM of Rhemuatoid arthritis

Answer 31

chronic arthritis

Question 32

Lab findings in Rheumatoid arhtritis

Answer 32

* Rheumatoid factor [+] * α-CPP antibodies

Question 33

Rheumatoid Arhtritis is a Type **-----** hyper

Answer 33

Type IV

Question 34

T regulatory cells? | *Tregs

Answer 34

CD25, CD4 and FoxP3

Question 35

Tregs secrete?

Answer 35

IL-10 and TGFβ (anti-inflammatory cytokines)

Question 36

# ** Disruption in the development/Function of Treg cells (CD25,CD4, FoxP3) leads to autoimmune and inflammatory disease such as?

Answer 36

**IPEX disease** *X-linked disorder *Caused by mutations in Foxp3 gene CM: immune dysregulation (body starts attacking itself)

Question 37

Treg cells can suppress autoreactive lymphocytes that recognize a variety of different self antigens as long as the antigens are presented by the same APC. this is known as?

Answer 37

**Linked supression**

Question 38

in Central Tolerance **--------** of self-reactive T cells and B cells during maturation in **------**lymphoid tissues

Answer 38

**Clonal deletion** of self-reactive T cells and B cells during maturation in **1ry** lymphoid tissues

Question 39

The 3 mechanisms of Peripheral tolerance

Answer 39

1) Clonal anergy 2) Clonal deletion 3) Clonal suppression

Question 40

In Clonal anergy there is lack of?

Answer 40

Co-stimulatory signal

Question 41

Clonal deletion fxn?

Answer 41

Fas signaling pathway

Question 42

Clonal supression is mediated by?

Answer 42

Treg cells

Question 43

**------------** :Isolation or compartmentalisation of Ag so that they are not encountered by autoreactive lymphocytes under normal conditions, also locally immunosuppressive microenvironmen

Answer 43

Immunological ignorance

Question 44

Immune privileged sites in the body?

Answer 44

Eyes, brain, placenta, testes