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immunlogy > Tolerance and Autoimmunity - week 10 > Flashcards

Tolerance and Autoimmunity - week 10 Flashcards

1
Q

———: is an immune response against self antigens or antigens associated with the commensal
microbiota

A

Autoimmunity

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2
Q

The processes & mechanisms that control anti-self immune attack are collectively known as ——- or ——–

A

tolerance or self-tolerance

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3
Q

Organ-specific autoimmune disease

* affects single organ

A

1) T1D (Type IV)
2) MS (Type IV)
4) Grave’s Disease (Type II)
5) Goodpasture’s syndrome (Type II)

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4
Q

Systemic autoimmune disease

* multisystem disorder

A

1) SLE (Type III)
2) Rheumatoid arthritis (Type IV)

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5
Q

patho of Myasthenia Gravis

A

Antibody inhibit binding of ACh

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6
Q

Target Antigen in Mysathenia Gravis?

A

Acetylcholine receptor

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7
Q

CM of Myasthenia Gravis

A

Muscle weakness and paralysis

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8
Q

Myasthenia Gravis is Type —- hypersensitivity

A

Type II

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9
Q

patho of Goodpasture syndrome

A

AutoAbds are formed against Type IV collagen –> complement activation and inflammation

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10
Q

Autoantibodies invlolved in Goodpasture’s syndrome?

A

IgG

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11
Q

Target antigen in Goodpasture syndrome

A

Type IV collagen in the basement membrane of the kidney glomeruli and lung alveoli

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12
Q

CM of Goodpasture syndrome

A

nephritis and lung heamorahage

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13
Q

A kidney biopsy from a patient w/ Goodpasture syndrome will show?

A

Linear deposition of IgG and C3 along the GBM

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14
Q

Goodpasture syndrome is a Type —– hypersensitivity

A

Type II

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15
Q

Epi od SLE?

A

F>M
20-40 yrs

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16
Q

SLE is Type —— hypersensitivy

A

Type III

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17
Q

Target antigen in Graves disease

A

TSH receptor
(over activation)

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18
Q

Patho of Graves disease

A

Antibody-mediated stimultion of TSH receptors

19
Q

CM of Graves disease

A

Hyperthyroidism than becomes Hypothyroidisn

20
Q

Graves disease is a Type —- Hypersensitivity

A

Type II

21
Q

Type IV hyper causes tissue damage by ?

A

CD4+ or CD8+ T cells activation

22
Q

Epi T1D

A

youth under 14

23
Q

Specificity of Type 1 diabetes

A

islet antigens and insulin

24
Q

CM of T1D?

A

1) chroninc in inflammation and destruction of β-cells
2) polyuriea
3) polydispia
4) ketoacidosis

25
Q

T1D is a Type —– hyper.

A

Type IV

26
Q

Specificity of Multiple sclerosis

A

Myelin basic protein

27
Q

CM of MS

A

Blurred vision, progressive muscle weakness and paralysis

28
Q

Mulitiple sclerosis is a type —– hyper.

A

Type IV

29
Q

Epi of Rheumatoid arthritis

A

W> M
40-60 yrs

30
Q

Specificity of Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Unknown antigen in joint synovium

31
Q

CM of Rhemuatoid arthritis

A

chronic arthritis

32
Q

Lab findings in Rheumatoid arhtritis

A
  • Rheumatoid factor [+]
  • α-CPP antibodies
33
Q

Rheumatoid Arhtritis is a Type —– hyper

A

Type IV

34
Q

T regulatory cells?

*Tregs

A

CD25, CD4 and FoxP3

35
Q

Tregs secrete?

A

IL-10 and TGFβ (anti-inflammatory cytokines)

36
Q

**

Disruption in the development/Function of Treg cells (CD25,CD4, FoxP3) leads to autoimmune and inflammatory disease such as?

A

IPEX disease

*X-linked disorder
*Caused by mutations in Foxp3 gene
CM: immune dysregulation (body starts attacking itself)

37
Q

Treg cells can suppress autoreactive lymphocytes that
recognize a variety of different self antigens as long as the antigens are presented by the same APC. this is known as?

A

Linked supression

38
Q

in Central Tolerance
——– of self-reactive T cells and B cells during maturation in ——lymphoid tissues

A

Clonal deletion of self-reactive T cells and B cells during maturation in 1ry lymphoid tissues

39
Q

The 3 mechanisms of Peripheral tolerance

A

1) Clonal anergy
2) Clonal deletion
3) Clonal suppression

40
Q

In Clonal anergy there is lack of?

A

Co-stimulatory signal

41
Q

Clonal deletion fxn?

A

Fas signaling pathway

42
Q

Clonal supression is mediated by?

A

Treg cells

43
Q

———— :Isolation or compartmentalisation of Ag so that they are not encountered by autoreactive lymphocytes under normal conditions, also locally immunosuppressive microenvironmen

A

Immunological ignorance

44
Q

Immune privileged sites in the body?

A

Eyes, brain, placenta, testes

immunlogy (18 decks)

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