Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

immunlogy > Antibodies > Flashcards

Antibodies Flashcards

1
Q

Immunoglobulin G molecules from two different individuals represent two different ————- of the same class of imunoglobulins (e.g. IgE) beacuse they are encoded by two different alleles of the same gene

A

Allotypes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

—————– Are determined from allelic differences in the same antibody isotypes that differ between people

A

Allotypes

* Antibody isotypes (IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The isotype of an antibody is determined by the constant regions of the light chain or heavy chain?

A

heavy chains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The unique structure of the antigen binding site created by the variable regions of the light and heavy chains is called the ————– of the antibody

A

Idiotype

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Two antibodies of the same allotype and isotype that bind different antigens are different ———– .

A

Idiotypes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What region of the antibody accounts for the unique antigen binding sit, which ultimately distinguishes between idiotypes?

A

Variable region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which immunoglobulin fixes complement,crosses the placenta, Opsonizes bacteria, and neutralizes bacteria toxins and viruses?

A

IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which immunoglobulin prevents the attachment of bacteria and viruses to mucous membranes but cannot fix complement?

A

IgA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which immunoglobulin is found in secretions?

A

IgA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the structure of Immunoglobulin A in secretions?

A

Dimer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the structure of Immunoglobuline M ?

A

Pentamer/ Monomor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which immunoglobuline is produced as part of the primary response to an antigen, fixes complement, but does not cross the placenta?

A

IgM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which immunoglobulin has an unclear fxn and can be found on the surface of B cells and in serum?

A

IgD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which immunoglobulin is the antigen receptor on the surface of B cells?

A

IgM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which immunoglobulin induces the release of mediators from mast cells and basophils when an individual is exposed to an allergen?

A

IgE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which immunoglobuline mediates immunity to helminths and protozoa?

A

IgE

17
Q

Which type of Antibody activates Eosinophils?

A

IgE
* It also activates mast cells and basophils

18
Q

which 2 immunoglobulins are joined by J chains?

A

IgA and IgM

19
Q

The 5 isotypes of the Heavy (H) chains

A

α, γ, ε, δ, μ

20
Q

the 2 isotypes of the light (L) chains

A

κ, λ

21
Q

Fxn of the Fab regions

A

The Fab regions bind to antigens -mediate Ag recognition

22
Q

fxn of the Fc region

A

the Fc region of the antigen-couples antibody binds to molecules (e.g. C1q) or Fc receptors on cells - mediates effector functions

23
Q

What are FcRs and their fxn?

A

FcRs –> Fc receptors
they mediate many effector fxns of antibodies by binding to the Fc portion of the Abs

24
Q

what cells express FcRs ?

A

Immune cells, Epithelial cells, and endothelial cells

25
Q

Most diverse group of FcRs?

A

FcγRs
* the main mediators of antibody functions in the body

26
Q

What immunoglobuline do FcγRs bind to?

A

IgG

27
Q

If FcγRs are expressed by phagocytic cells (macrophages) they will induce —————-

A

phagocytosis (Opsonisation)

28
Q

If FcγRs are expressed by cytotoxic cells (NK cells) they will induce —————- upon binding to IgG-antigen complexes

A

ADCC- antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity

29
Q

Fc receptor expressed by NK cells

A

FcγRIII (CD16)

30
Q

Explain how FcγRs on NK cells induce
antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of antibody-coated target cells

A

Ab binding to FcγRIII (CD16) on NK cells –> directs the cytotoxic activity to a specific cellular target (Viral infected cells)

31
Q

What Fc receptor is Often associated w/ allergy symptoms and is expressed by mast cells/ basophils and eosinophils ?

A

FcεR

32
Q

FcεR Upon binding to ——————– it triggers a signaling cascade that results in degranulation and release of histamine, proteases, and other inflammatory mediators

A

IgE-antigen complexess

33
Q

Fc receptor expressed by Epithelial cells?

A

pIgR - Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor

34
Q

Fxn of PIgR receptors?

A
  • Transport of IgA and IgM from blood to the lumen of multiple tissues (Gastrointestinal, Respiratory, Reproductive tract)
  • Responsible for carrying IgA into body secretions: tears and milk
  • Responsible for the transfer of IgA to gut mucosa to protect against ingested microbes and toxins
35
Q

Fxn of FcRn in children vs adults

*Neonatal

A

Children: carries antibody ingested in mother’s milk across epithelial cells of the intestine into the bloodstream
Adults: , its expression on cells that line the bloodstream helps to maintain IgG levels in serum by protecting them from degradation

36
Q

FcRn receptor are expressed by?

A

epithelial cells and endothelial cells

immunlogy (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions