Tobacco Use Flashcards
What is the most preventable cause of death?
Smoking
For every cigarette life is reduced by ___.
11 mintues
How many people die prematurely due to smoking?
37000
What is nicotine?
A poisonous, addictive substance that is the psychoactive ingredient in tobacco
What is different about nicotine in terms of addiction?
It is highly addictive and doesn’t take long to get addicted to it
What is tobacco?
The leaves of tobacco plants prepared for chewing or smoking
What are secondary reinforcers?
Stimuli that are not pleasurable but are associated with other pleasurable stimuli (ex. chewing tobacco while playing a sport reinforces the urge to do it)
What are the risk factors to begin using tobacco?
Family member uses it, peers use it, low-income home, performing poorly in school, drops out of school, positive attitudes towards tobacco
List some diseases linked to smoking?
Cancers, stroke, respiratory problems, heart disease
Roughly how many chemicals are in cigarettes?
over 4000
How many of the chemicals in cigarettes are carcinogens or co-carcinogens?
About 40-50
What poisonous gas does cigarette smoke contain high amount of?
Carbon monoxide
Each cigarette is small but the effects are still relevant because….
They are cumulative because the body stores it with each puff of a cigarette
What is cigarette tar?
A brown, sticky substance created when the chemical particles in tobacco smoke condense
What is a carcinogen?
Any substance that causes cancer
What is a co-carcinogen?
A substance that works with a carcinogen to cause cancer
What is mainstream smoke?
The smoke exhaled by the smoker
What is sidestream smoke?
Smoke from the burning end of a cigarette?
What type of smoke is worse for you, sidestream or mainstream? Why?
Sidestream because it has a higher concentration of toxins/carcinogens because it is not filtered through the cigarette or the persons body
What are the effects of smoking menthol cigarettes?
It is a bronchodialator which opens the lungs airways and makes it easier for nicotine to enter the bloodstream
What part of the brain does nicotine stimulate?
The cerebral cortex which controls behavior and mental activity
What is myocardial infarction?
A heart attack caused by complete blockage if the main coronary artery, common in heavy smokers due to the tar that is produced
What is emphysema?
A disease that is a loss of lung tissue and impairs the lungs from functioning
What is chronic bronchitis?
Recurrent inflammation of the bronchial tubes
What does ETS stand for?
Environmental tobacco smoke
What is ETS?
Smoke that enters the atmosphere from the burning end of a cigarette or the smoke that is exhaled by the smoker
What is ETS also referred to as?
Second hand smoke
How many non-smokers die a year because of ETS?
1000 people
By what percentage is your risk for lung disease and heart disease increased from ETS?
Lung - 25%
Heart - 10%
What class is ETS considered?
Class A carcinogen
What percentage of smoke in the room where the person is smoking is sidestream smoke?
85% (more sidestream smoke)
Should you smoke when you’re pregnant? Why or why not?
No, harmful effects on infant - stillborn, miscarriage, low birth weight, puts newborns at risk for disease and problems
Who is Heather Crowe? What is her story?
She worked for 40 years in a restaurant that allowed smoking indoors, she developed a tumor in her lung the size of her fist when she had never smoked a cigarette in her life (got it because of second hand smoke)
What did she advocate for and spread awareness about?
She wanted a smoke free Canada, and wanted to spread awareness about the dangers and effects of second hand smoke
While she worked for awareness what did she accomplish?
She got laws regulating exposure to smoke in the workplace, labeling laws on cigarette packages and drew attention to the effects of second hand smoke and how people like her are considered invisible because no one thinks of the effects
What places in Canada are now smoke free?
Restaurants, bars, most public spaces, outside certain buildings
