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Health Science > Chapter 2: Psychological Health > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Psychological Health Flashcards

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1
Q

What is psychological (mental) health?

A

The capacity to think, feel and behave in ways the contribute to our ability to enjoy life and manage challenges

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2
Q

What is the negative definition of mental health?

A

The absence of illness

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3
Q

What is the positive definition of mental health?

A

The presence of wellness

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4
Q

What are the 5 stages of Maslow’s hierarchy? (Describe each one)

A
  1. Physiological needs: Food, water, sleep, exercise, sex
  2. Safety/security: Safe surrounding, protection, avoids risks
  3. Love/belonging: To be loved, cared for, connected
  4. Self-esteem: To be confident in yourself
  5. Self-actualization: Psychologically healthy, fulfilled a good measure of their human potential
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5
Q

List six qualities of self-actualized people.

A

Realism(adapters)
Acceptance(self and others)
Autonomy(independence, inner-directed, follow themselves)
Authenticity(don’t care what others think)
Have the capacity for intimacy
Are creative

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6
Q

What are the three stages of growing up psychologically according to Erik Erikson?

A
  1. Develop an adult identity
  2. Develop intimacy
  3. Develop value/purpose
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7
Q

List five characteristics of psychologically health people

A
  1. Full range of emotion
  2. Interact well with others
  3. Able to meet demands of life ( set goals)
  4. Can balance all aspects of life
  5. Have resilience (ability to bounce back after a bad situation)
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8
Q

What is resilience?

A

The ability to bounce back after a bad situation.

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9
Q

When do you start developing self-esteem?/How to you develop self-esteem?

A

Begins in childhood with the sense of being loved. Grows through a person your make for yourself, not a person made by others, needs stability, doesn’t need questioning.

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10
Q

What is hardiness and the ‘3 C’s’?

A

The ability to endure difficult situations.

 1. High level of COMMITMENT
 2. Have a sense of CONTROL
 3. Welcomes CHALLENGE
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11
Q

Social support, healthy habits, positive attitude and moments of relaxation are all ways to strive for _____.

A

Spiritual wellness

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12
Q

What is the basic definition of a psychological disorder?

A

Less than optimal level of psychological health.

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13
Q

What is a mood disorder?

A

Emotional disturbances that affect regular activity.

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14
Q

Why is an anxiety disorder different from everyday stress?

A

More intense, longer lasting, are dysfunctional

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15
Q

Anxiety disorders of more common in women. True or False?

A

True

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16
Q

What is a simple phobia?

A

Fear of something definite. Examples include, place, animal, object. Normally begins from a bad experience

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17
Q

What is the most common anxiety disorder in Canada?

A

Simple phobias

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18
Q

What is a social phobia?

A

Fear of humiliation/embarrassment around others.

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19
Q

What is a panic disorder?

A

Severe anxiety attacks (physical experience= heart rate increase, breath shortens etc.) when placed in fear

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20
Q

What is agoraphobia?

A

Fear of being in crowded places or enclosed public spaces and not being able to get out, extreme is not leaving their house

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21
Q

What is a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

A

Fear of future threats, constant worrying

22
Q

What is obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)?

A

Two parts: a) obsession: recurrent thoughts

b) compulsion: repetitive actions associated with the obsession

23
Q

What is post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

A

Reaction to past traumas, produces sense of intense fear that is out of the persons control, includes flashbacks, visions, reliving the events

24
Q

What is bipolar disorder?

A

Alternating periods of mania and depression

25
Q

What is expansiveness? What mood disorder displays this behavior?

A

Don’t know their own limits, bipolar disorder

26
Q

How is bipolar disorder treated?

A

mood stabilizers

27
Q

What is schizophrenia?

A

Disturbance in thinking/perceiving reality

28
Q

What are traits of a person with schizophrenia?

A

Auditory hallucinations, disorganized thoughts, inappropriate emotions, deteriorating work/social functions

29
Q

What age range is schizophrenia the most common?

A

16-30

30
Q

What can medication to do help treat schizophrenia?

A

It can shorten periods when symptoms are present

31
Q

What is a stigma?

A

Negative or unfair beliefs a group of people have about something

32
Q

What are the risk factors of suicide?

A

Little/no support, previous attempts, family history of mental illness/suicide, problems with drugs/alcohol, possession of means, exposure to suicidal behavior of others.

33
Q

What prevention is out their for suicide prevention?

A

Exposure to be more alert of the signs of suicide and how to get help, always 24 hour help lines

34
Q

List the 7 suicide myths.

A
  1. If someone is unsuccessful in their attempt it means they really didn’t want to do it
  2. People who intend to kill themselves won’t tell anyone
  3. All people who succeed really wanted to die
  4. People who want to kill themselves won’t stop for any prevention
  5. Suicide is proof of mental illness
  6. People inherit suicide tendencies
  7. All suicides are irrational
35
Q

What is depression?

A

Emotional state of sadness/hopelessness/emptiness, becomes depression when daily activities are disturbed.

36
Q

What are indications of depression?

A

Changes in sleep/eating patterns, difficulty focusing/ making decisions, loss of interest, feeling worthless, decreased sex drive, avoids people, guilt/low energy, thoughts of death, suicide, self harm.

37
Q

Roughly how many people suffer from depression in Canada?

A

3 million

38
Q

Women are __ times for likely to be depressed than men.

A

2x

39
Q

__% of people get help for depression

A

35%

40
Q

What is Major Depression?

A

Primary/endogenous: Changes in brain chemistry

Secondary/exogenous: Outside factor

41
Q

What is Dysthymia?

A

Mild/moderate depression that continues for two or more years

42
Q

How is depression treated?

A

Medication, psychotherapy (mix of both)

Physical activity, shock treatment (ETC), natural remedies (St.John’s wort)

43
Q

What types of drugs are used to treat depression?

A

MAO inhibitors: Mood stabilizers
TCA’s: Antidepressants
SSRI’s:Anti-psychotics
SNRI’s: Anxiolytics (reduces anxiety)

44
Q

____ is the 2nd leading cause of death in youth.

A

Suicide

45
Q

Women attempt suicide __x more than men but, men are __x more likely to succeed.

A

3x, 4x

46
Q

What is the Jack Project?

A

Student at Queen’s committed suicide, in the moths following three other people took their lives at different universities. Jack’s father founded this organization to spread awareness of mental health and suicide prevention.

47
Q

What are the warning signs of suicide?

A

Expression of wishing to be dead, reveal of methods, social withdrawal, increasing isolation, sudden in-explainable lightening of mood

48
Q

What is the biological model?

A

Focuses on biochem in the brain which is genetically determined. Uses drugs to treat disorders.

49
Q

What is the behavioral model?

A

Focuses on what people do. Uses the model…

  1. Stimulus: What causes fear
  2. Response: Behavior that removes fear
  3. Reinforcement: Immediate relief after removing fear causes one do repeat it
  4. Use exposure to treat disorder: Deliberately and repeatedly enter feared situation and remain until fear becomes less intense
50
Q

What is the cognitive model?

A

Focuses on effect ideas have on behavior and feeling. Treats disorder by exposing and identifying ideas that produce negative feelings

51
Q

What is the psychodynamic model?

A

Focuses on unconscious ideas/thoughts/impulses. Treats disorders through talk therapy to allow understanding of feelings and how to overcome them.

Health Science (11 decks)

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