Tobacco and Nicotine Use Flashcards
SMOKING TOBACCO PRODUCTS
ALL CONTAIN —
CARCINOGENS
When inhale cigarette (directly or secondhand) inhaling more than — chemicals
— of these are hazardous
— are known carcinogens
7,000
Hundreds
70
Health Consequences Causally
Linked to Smoking
Cancers
(10)
Oropharynx
Larynx
Esophagus
Trachea, bronchus, lung
Acute myeloid leukemia
Stomach
Pancreas
Kidney and ureter
Cervix
Bladder
Health Consequences Causally
Linked to Smoking
Chronic Diseases
(11)
Stroke
Blindness, cataracts
Periodontitis
Aortic aneurysm
Coronary heart disease
Pneumonia
Vascular Diseases
Respiratory effects
COPD
Hip Fractures
Reproductive effects
Health Consequences Causally Linked to
Secondhand Smoke Exposure
Children
(5)
- Middle ear disease
- Respiratory symptoms
- Impaired lung function
- Lower respiratory illness
- SIDS
Health Consequences Causally Linked to
Secondhand Smoke Exposure
Adults
(4)
- Nasal irritation
- Lung cancer
- Coronary heart disease
- Reproductive effects in
women
– Low birth weight
— is the leading cause of cancer related
death in US for both men and women
Lung cancer
Smoking accounts for more than –% of lung
cancer cases reported in men and –% in women
90
89
skipped
SMOKING EFFECTS ON
THE MOUTH
(11)
Bad breath
Periodontal (gum) disease
Sore throat/hoarseness
Reduced smell/taste
Unhealthy tissue
Delayed healing
Oral cancer
Throat cancer
Teeth staining
Poor response to dental treatment
Oral lesions
- Sores on mouth, lips, tongue
CONTAINS OVER – CHEMICALS
KNOWN TO CAUSE CANCER
28
skipped
SMOKELESS TOBACCO EFFECTS
ON THE MOUTH
Bad breath
Irritates and inflames tissue
Tissue changes
Oral cancer
Increased risk of tooth decay
Painful ulcers
Teeth staining
Periodontal/Gum disease
Approximately — Americans are diagnosed
with OPC (oral and/or pharyngeal cancer)
42,000
— die each year from disease
—% of OPC can be attributed to tobacco use, heavy
alcohol consumption and in many cases both
8,000
75
–% of leukoplakia’s caused by tobacco use
70
According to the CDC:
—% of adults over 18 currently use e-cigs
—% of High School students currently use e-cigs
—% of Middle School students currently use e-cigs
4.7
11.3
2.8
2.8% of Middle School students currently use e-cigs
—% of these students used flavored e-cigs
Fruit, candy, desserts most popular flavor
84.7
Device type of choice was disposables at —%
53.7
FDA issued marketing approval for NJOY products
(4)
2 specific disposable e-cigarettes
Not all NJOY products
Allows legal marketing in the US
Not FDA approved, nor deemed safe
“VAPING”…..
Act of
inhaling and exhaling the aerosol, often referred to as vapor, which is produced by an e-cigarette or similar device.
E-cigarettes do not produce tobacco smoke, but rather
an aerosol, often mistaken for water vapor, that actually consists of fine particles.
Vapor is generated from a
solid, semi-solid, or liquid substance
COMPONENTS
(5)
Battery
Heating element
Atomizer
Cartridge/pod
Indicator light
E-LIQUID INGREDIENTS
(6)
Vegetable glycerin
Propylene glycol
Flavorings
Nicotine**
Other compounds/chemicals
Diacetyl
Benzoic acid
E-LIQUID/E-SOLUTION/E-JUICE
Ingredients may be deemed safe for use and/or ingestion
But
not evaluated for inhalation and heat
Can remain on surfaces for weeks to months
Potential for
3rd hand exposure or accidental ingestion by
children
May cause adverse effects during or after
pregnancy
Nicotine can cross the placenta
NICOTINE SALTS
(3)
“Smoother hit”
More like a cigarette rush
Higher nicotine concentrations
Higher nicotine concentrations
(3)
Potential to be more addictive
1.8 % - 5% nicotine solutions available
Each pod contains same amount of nicotine as an
entire pack of cigarettes**
AEROSOL
(4)
Volatile organic compounds
Nicotine
Ultrafine particles
Heavy metals – nickel, tin, lead
skipped
POPULARITY OF DEVICES
(5)
Easy to get
Via online, convenience stores*, Smoke/vape shops
Flavorings make these devices appealing
Discreet use/sleek design
11 to 17-year olds think e-cigarettes are less
harmful than smoking
COST
Variety in cost based on device
Single use, disposable e-cigs -
Rechargeable starter kits -
Refill cartridges – monthly cost
$1 - $15
$25 - $150
$50-$75
HEALTH CONCERNS ASSOCIATED
(5)
Increased heart rate due to spike in adrenaline
Increased blood pressure
Increase in bronchitis
Increase in lung disease
May cause blood sugar levels to rise
Increased heart rate due to spike in adrenaline
Higher risk for heart attack
Increase in lung disease
“popcorn lung” – bronchiolitis obliterans
EFFECTS ON ORAL HEALTH
(4)
Chemical vapors produced can alter or damage epithelial cells
Indicates an inflammatory response in the PDL fibroblasts
Sore throat
Dry mouth
Chemical vapors produced can alter or damage epithelial cells
(2)
Oral ulcerations
Oral cancer may result
Indicates an inflammatory response in the PDL fibroblasts
May lead to greater risk for
periodontal disease
EFFECTS ON ORAL HEALTH
Heat and chemicals
(5)
Dry mouth
Bone loss
Inflammation
Increased plaque, calculus
Tooth decay
EFFECTS ON ORAL HEALTH
Nicotine as a stimulant
(1)
Increase bruxism
Burns from device —
batteries/explosions
Nicotine poisoning/overdose
(2)
Pods can leak solution
Nicotine is rapidly absorbed via the skin
Second hand — exposure
aerosol
— concerns
Environmental
