Dentifrice Flashcards
components of dentifrice (7)
Fluoride
Abrasive
Humectant
Binder
Surfactant
Flavoring Agent
Sweeteners
Abrasive
Agents
(3)
Silicas
Carbonates
Phosphates
Polishing
Agents
(3)
Aluminum
Calcium
Tin
skipped
abrasiveness depends on (8)
▪Hardness of abrasive
▪Size
▪Shape
▪Brushing Technique
▪Pressure of Brush
▪Hardness of bristles
▪Direction of brushing stroke
▪Number of strokes
Humectants
(4)
Sorbitol
Manitol
Glycerin
Propylene Glycol
Humectants
fxn (4)
Maintain moisture
Prevent evaporation
Prevent hardening
Increase shelf life
Binders
(3)
Natural Gums
Synthetic Cellulose
Seaweed Extracts
Binders
fxn (3)
Thickening Agent
Stabilizes
Prevents solids from settling out
Flavor needs to be:
(3)
▪Pleasant
▪Immediate
▪Long lasting
Synthetic Flavors
(6)
Spearmint
Cinnamon
Wintermint
Peppermint
Vanilla
Citrus
Essential Oils
(4)
Thymol
Menthol
Eucalyptol
Methyl Salicylate
Non-cariogenic sweeteners:
(7)
*Saccharin
*Cyclamate
Sorbitol
Mannitol
Glycerin
*Xylitol
** - Agents that serve as humectants
Early sweeteners:
HONEY, S UGAR
early sweeteners (2)
Broken down in the mouth
*Produce acid, lower pH
Soaps
▪ Used in Early Toothpaste
soaps
▪ Disadvantages
(3)
▪ Irritating
▪ Flavor is difficult to mask
▪ Incompatible
Detergents
(5)
▪ Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)
▪ Stable/compatible
▪ Some antibacterial properties
▪ Flavor easy to mask
▪ Low surface tension
All ADA Accepted toothpastes contain —
Fluoride
No ADA Accepted toothpaste contains —
sugar
Therapeutic
*ANTI-CARIES
(2)
*Fluoride
Most OTC toothpastes are 1,000 ppm
Fluoride
*Sodium fluoride (NaF) -
*Sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) –
*Stannous fluoride (SnF2) –
0.22% at 1,100 ppm
0.76% at 1,000 ppm
0.4% at 1,000 ppm
Stannous Fluoride
Reported activity against:
(3)
- Caries
- Plaque
- Gingivitis
Stannous Fluoride
Research indicates superior
efficacy:
(4)
- Antimicrobial
- Plaque**
- Gingivitis/gingival bleeding
- Calculus control
Toothpaste with hydroxyapatite
(6)
- Newer ingredient
- Lab generated
- Non-toxic
- Biocompatible
- May be used in conjunction with
fluoride - Often paired with xylitol
Therapeutic
*ANTI-HYPERSENSITIVITY
(3)
*Potassium Nitrate
*Stannous Fluoride
*ADA seal for anti-hypersensitivity effects
Potassium Nitrate
*Penetrates through the length of dentinal tubules and depolarizes sensory nerve endings
Stannous Fluoride
*Blocking of exposed dentinal tubules
Therapeutic
*ANTI-GINGIVITIS
(2)
*Stannous Fluoride
*Triclosan - NOT USED
*Stannous Fluoride
*Crest Pro-Health
*Triclosan
*Colgate Total
NOT USED ANYMORE
baking soda toothpastes
*Contain:
(3)
*Sodium bicarbonate
*Silicate
*Fluoride
baking soda toothpastes
(2)
May have ADA seal- NOT due to baking soda effects
*Baking soda toothpastes are no more effective than regular toothpaste
anticalculus dentifrices
(2)
Tartar control toothpaste
ADA seal NOT awarded for anti-
calculus claim
Tartar control toothpaste
(2)
▪ Crystalline growth inhibitors
interrupt process of
mineralization
▪ Soluble pyrophosphates
whitening toothpastes
May —:
Guidelines for whitening
products implemented
1998
whitening toothpastes
control stain via:
(4)
- Physical Methods
- Abrasives
- Chemical Mechanisms
- Surface active agents or
bleaching/oxidizing
agents
whitening toothpastes
*Polishing or chemical agents
that remove stain
(4)
*Hydrated silica
*Titanium dioxide
*Hydrogen Peroxide
*Carbamide Peroxide
