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Cranio Exam 2 > TMJ > Flashcards

TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

what bones form the TMJ

A

temporal (squamous portion) and mandible

  • mandibular fossa
  • articular eminence
  • squamotympanic fissure – petrotympanic fissure
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2
Q

how can the articular eminence withstand forces of heavy loading?

A

made of dense bone

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3
Q

can the roof of the fossa withstand occlusal forces?

A

no; the bone is too thin

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4
Q

where is fibrocartilage found?

A

in the mandible and slope of articular eminence

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5
Q

zones of the articular surfaces

A
  • fibrous articular covering
  • proliferative layer
  • hypertrophic zone
  • calcified cartilage
  • mixed bone spicules
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6
Q

what does the proliferative layer contain?

A

chondrocytes, fibroblasts, undifferentiated cells

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7
Q

apoptosis occurs at which zone?

A

end of the hypertrophic zone going into calcified cartilage

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8
Q

what lies between the 2 bones of the TMJ?

A

articular disc

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9
Q

articular disc

A
  • attached to joint capsule 360 degrees around
  • disc is an extension of the capsule
  • made of dense fibrous connective tissue
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10
Q

three functional ligaments of the TMJ

A
  1. collateral (discal) ligaments
  2. capsular ligament
  3. temporomandibular (lateral) ligament (TML)
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11
Q

two accessory ligaments of TMJ

A
  • sphenomandibular ligament

- stylomandibular ligament

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12
Q

collateral (discal) ligaments

A
  • attach medial and lateral borders of the articular disc to the poles of the condyle
  • responsible for dividing the joint into superior and inferior joint cavities
  • vascular and innervated – info regarding position and movement
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13
Q

capsular ligament

A
  • attached superiorly to temporal bone
  • inferiorly, the fibers attach to neck of condyle
  • function–encompass joint, thus retaining synovial fluid
  • innervated and proprioceptive
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14
Q

the capsule is lined on its inner surface by—

A

synovial membrane

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15
Q

temporomandibular ligament

A
  • 2 parts–outer oblique and inner horizontal
  • inner horizontal–> limits posterior movement of condyle and disc
  • oblique–> resists excessive dropping of the condyle, limiting the extent of mouth opening
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16
Q

most common fracture of mandible–

A

condyle

17
Q

sphenomandibular ligament

A

does not have any significant limiting effect on mandibular movement

18
Q

stylomandibular ligament

A

limits excessive protrusive movements of mandible

19
Q

shape of articular disc

A
  • biconcave shape
  • thinnest in center
  • thickest posteriorly and anteriorly
  • attached to poles of mandible by M & L discal ligaments
  • disc moves with mandible
20
Q

retrodiscal laminae (bilaminar zone)

A
  • superior lamina (attached to squamotympanic fissure)–> elastic fibers
  • inferior lamina (attached to condylar neck)–> collagen fibers (more fibrous)
21
Q

vasculature of TMJ

A
  • arterial–superficial temporal and deep auricular artery
  • target–retrodiscal tissue
  • drainage via pterygoid venous plexus
22
Q

innervation of TMJ

A

primarily–auriculotemporal (V3) nerve to retrodiscal tissue
secondary–by masseteric nerve anteriorly
*general sensory
*primarily to retrodiscal tissue

23
Q

ruffini’s corpuscle

A
  • posture (proprioception)–dynamic and static balance
  • clusters in superficial layers of joint
  • active in every position of joint
  • signal static position, changes in intraarticular pressure; and direction, amplitude, and velocity of joint movements
24
Q

pacini’s corpuscle

A 
dynamic mechanoreception 
movement accelerator and deceleration
low threshold
deeper
onion like
25
Q

golgi tendon organ

A
  • static mechanoreception
  • protection (ligament)
  • inactive in immobile joints
  • active only when joint is at extremes of range of movement
  • only in tendons
26
Q

free nerve ending

A
  • pain (nociception)
  • protection (joint)
  • no capsule
  • terminal in a joint
  • distributed widely
27
Q

accessory muscles of mastication

A

suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles

28
Q

mechanism in TMJ disorders

A

neuro-immune-endocrine interaction

  • inside retrodiscal tissue
  • stress hormones–> sensory nerve–> substance P and CGRP disturb vasculature in TMJ–> accumulate until tissue destruction via elastase and MMP-9

Cranio Exam 2 (11 decks)

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