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Cranio Exam 2 > anatomy of oral cavity > Flashcards

anatomy of oral cavity Flashcards

1
Q

the ____ opens into the oral cavity

A

oral fissure

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2
Q

upper lip

A

superior border is base of nose

philtrum and ridges are part of upper lip

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3
Q

lower lip

A

inferior border is central region of mentolabial sulcus

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4
Q

four zones of surface of lip

A
  1. hairy skin
  2. vermilion border
  3. vermilion
  4. oral mucosa
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5
Q

transition between keratinized stratifiied squamous epithelium of skin with nonkeratinized stratified epithelium of oral mucosa is?

A

vermilion border

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6
Q

two areas of oral cavity

A
  1. vestibule

2. oral cavity proper

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7
Q

the space between the teeth and inner mucosal lining of the lips and cheeks

A

vestibule

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8
Q

anterior and lateral boundaries of vestibule

A

anterior: intraoral surfaces of the lips (labial mucosa)
lateral: cheek

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9
Q

alveolar mucosa

A

thin, nonkeratinized, stratified squamous epithelium

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10
Q

attached gingival

A

thick, keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium often showing stippled surface

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11
Q

free gingiva + attached gingiva =

A

keratinized tissue

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12
Q

what’s better, thick or thin keratin layer?

A

thicker is better

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13
Q

oral cavity proper

A

space contained within the upper and lower dental arches

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14
Q

anterior and lateral boundaries of oral cavity proper

A

lingual surfaces of teeth and corresponding alveolar processes

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15
Q

posterior, superior, and inferior boundaries of oral cavity proper?

A

posterior: palatoglossal arch
superior: hard palate
inferior: mylohyoid muscle

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16
Q

superior (nasal) surface of hard palate covered with _____ and inferior surface covered with _____

A

superior surface covered with respiratory mucosa

inferior surface covered with oral mucosa

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17
Q

hard palate bones

A
  • palatal processes of maxillae form the anterior two-thirds of the hard palate
  • horizontal plates of the palatine bones form the posterior third of the hard palate
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18
Q

sutures of hard palate

A
  • median palatine (maxillary palatal process)

- transverse palatine (palatal processes of maxilla and palatine bone)

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19
Q

foramina of hard palate

A
  1. incisive foramen : distally to maxillary central incisors transmits the nasopalatine vessels and nerves
  2. greater palatine foramen: medially to roots of the 3rd molar and transmits the greater palatine vessels and nerve
  3. lesser palatine foramen: posteriorly to greater palatine foramen and transmits the lesser palatine vessels and nerves
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20
Q

what nerve supplies the hard palate?

A

greater palatine nerve

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21
Q

what nerve supplies the soft palate?

A

lesser palatine nerve

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22
Q

what ganglion is associated with oral cavity?

A

pterygopalatine ganglion

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23
Q

nasopalatine nerve

A

supplies lingual gingiva and palatal mucosa anterior to maxillary canines

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24
Q

greater palatine nerves

A

supply lingual gingiva and palatal mucosa from maxillary canines posteriorly

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25
lesser palatine nerve
- arises from the pterygopalatine ganglion - drops inferiorly through lesser palatine canal --> oral aspect of palate posterior to greater foramen supply the soft palate mucosa
26
blood supply of oral cavity
nasopalatine artery greater palatine artery lesser palatine artery
27
palatal gingiva and mucosa attached to ______
alveolar bone (mucoperiosteum)
28
what has no bone framework --aponeurosis?
soft palate
29
2 main functions of soft palate
- closure of oropharyngeal isthmus | - closure of oropharynx from nasopharynx
30
structure of soft palate
1. mucosal lining (nasal mucosa superiorly, oral mucosa inferiorly) 2. palatal mucous glands below the mucosa 3. membranous palatine aponeurosis 4. five paired skeletal muscles, which attach to aponeurosis
31
palatopharyngeus
origin: palatine aponeurosis insertion: lateral wall of pharynx forms posterior pillar (palatopharyngeal arch) action: elevates pharynx and larynx; closes oral cavity from oropharynx inervation: CN X (vagus nerve)
32
palatoglossus
origin: palatine aponeurosis insertion: side of tongue forms anterior pillar (palatoglossal arch) action: approximates the tongue and soft palate; closes oral cavity from oropharynx innervation: CN X (vagus nerve)
33
levator veli palatini
origin: auditory tube insertion: palatine aponeurosis action: elevates soft palate to seal nasopharynx from oropharynx during swallowing innervation: CN X more medial
34
tensor veli palatine
origin: auditory tube (bony part--temporal bone) insertion: palatine aponeurosis (hooks over Hamulus) action: tenses soft palate innervation: V3 (all others innervated by vagus)
35
uvular muscle
origin: posterior nasal spine insertion: submucosa of uvula action: elevates uvula to help seal nasopharynx innervation: CN X
36
all palatal muscles except for ______ receive a motor supply by ________. The ______ is supplied by motor branches of _______.
all palatal muscles except for the tensor veli palatini muscle receive a motor supply from the vagus nerve. The tensor veli palatini muscle is supplied by motor branches of the mandibular nerve (V3)
37
descending palatine artery
arises from maxillary artery (3rd part) | - supplies nasal cavity (inferior meatus), hard palate, maxillary gingiva, soft palate, nasal septum
38
body of the tongue
anterior two thirds of tongue
39
root of tongue
posterior third (oropharynx) of tongue
40
sulcus terminalis
V-shaped groove, the apex of which points posteriorly in midline - divides tongue into anterior two-thirds and posterior third
41
foramen cecum
small pit at apex of sulcus terminalis
42
dorsum
superior and posterior roughened aspects of tongue
43
sublingual surface
covered with thin, transparent muscosa thru which you can see many underlying vessels
44
lingual frenulum
fold of mucous membrane; from the floor of mouth, to inferior surface of tongue
45
4 types of papilla on dosum of tongue
a. vallate (circumvallate) b. fungiform c. filiform d. foliate
46
filiform papillae
most numerous thread shaped and sensitive to tactile stimuli only lingual papillae without taste buds
47
foliate papillae
on lateral margins of tongue
48
fungiform papillae
mushroom-shaped and containing mechanical and thermal receptors and taste buds
49
vallate (circumvallate) papillae
circular and large (2 mm diameter) - 12 of them are placed in V shaped row anterior and parallel to sulcus terminalis - each surrounded by circular trough, or moat
50
extrinsic muscles of tongue
originate from remote structures and insert into tongue (3 pairs)
51
intrinsic muscles of tongue
originate from tongue and insert into tongue (3 pairs)
52
genioglossus
extrinsic origin: superior mental spine (genial tubercle) insertion: entire extension of ventral surface of tongue action: protrusion of tongue innervation: CN XII (hypoglossal)
53
hyoglossus
extrinsic origin: hyoid bone insertion: lateral aspect of tongue action: pull the sides of tongue downward and depress dorsum of tongue innervation: CN XII (hypoglossal)
54
styloglossus muscle
extrinsic origin: styloid process insertion: lateral aspect of tongue action: draw up sides of tongue to create a trough for swallowing. Also help in retracting tongue innervation: CN XII (hypoglossal)
55
accessory extrinsic muscles of tongue
infrahyoid and suprahyoid | move hyoid bone up and down and with it the base of the tongue
56
longitudinal muscle
intrinsic -runs anteroposterior direction and distributed as superior and inferior bundles action- shortens tongue nerve supply- hypoglossal nerve ( CN XII)
57
transverse muscle
intrinsic fibers run horizontally at right angles just below superior longitudinal bundle -action: narrows the tongue; elongates the tongue -nerve supply: hypoglossal nerve ( CN XII)
58
vertical muscle
intrinsic - runs from the dorsum of the tongue down to the inferior surface - action: widens and flattens the tongue - nerve supply: hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
59
general sensation of tongue
- lingual nerve (branch of V3) carries general sensation from anterior two-thirds of the tongue - glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) carries general sensation from posterior third of tongue - vagus nerve (X) carries general sensation from area surrounding epiglottis
60
special sensation of tongue
- taste - facial nerve (CN VII) via chorda tympani conveys taste sensation from anterior two thirds of tongue - glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) carries taste sensation from posterior third of tongue - vagus nerve (X) carries taste sensation from the area surrounding the epiglottis
61
major salivary glands
parotid, submandibular, sublingual
62
parotid gland
location: parotid region secretion: serous (watery secretions) duct: parotid duct -- travels anteriorly along lateral border of masster, rolls over anterior border of masseter to piece cheek, and empties into oral cavity at occlusal level 2nd max molar
63
cranial nerve supply of parotid
presynaptic fibers from glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) | postsynaptic fibers: otic ganglion through auriculotemporal nerve
64
submandibular
location: submandibular fossa of mandible secretion: mixed seromucous duct: continues forward from deep portion of gland and empties into oral cavity behind lower central incisors
65
sublingual
location: floor of mouth, medial to sublingual fossa of mandible, above the mylohyoid muscle secretion: mucous gland duct: open directly into oral cavity through openings in sublingual fold
66
cranial nerve supply of submand, sublingual
presynaptic from chorda tympani (VII) | postsynaptic from submandibular ganglion through lingual nerve
67
minor salivary glands produce----
5-8% of total output | labial glands, palatine glands, pharyngeal glands
68
nerve supply of accessory salivary glands
presynaptic fibers from superior salivary nucleus via CN VII--greater petrosal nerve synapse--pterygopalatine ganglion postsynaptic fibers via pharyngeal nerve, descending palatine and nasal nerves supply the glands
69
uppper gingiva supplied by
anterior superior alveolar nerve middle superior alveolar nerve posterior superior alveolar nerve greater palatine and nasal palatine?
70
lower gingiva supplied by
long buccal mental lingual
71
upper teeth supplied by
anterior superior alveolar middle superior alveolar posterior superior alveolar
72
lower teeth supplied by
inferior alveolar nerve

Cranio Exam 2 (11 decks)

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