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Cranio Exam 2 > anatomy of oral cavity > Flashcards

anatomy of oral cavity Flashcards

1
Q

the ____ opens into the oral cavity

A

oral fissure

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2
Q

upper lip

A

superior border is base of nose

philtrum and ridges are part of upper lip

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3
Q

lower lip

A

inferior border is central region of mentolabial sulcus

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4
Q

four zones of surface of lip

A
  1. hairy skin
  2. vermilion border
  3. vermilion
  4. oral mucosa
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5
Q

transition between keratinized stratifiied squamous epithelium of skin with nonkeratinized stratified epithelium of oral mucosa is?

A

vermilion border

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6
Q

two areas of oral cavity

A
  1. vestibule

2. oral cavity proper

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7
Q

the space between the teeth and inner mucosal lining of the lips and cheeks

A

vestibule

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8
Q

anterior and lateral boundaries of vestibule

A

anterior: intraoral surfaces of the lips (labial mucosa)
lateral: cheek

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9
Q

alveolar mucosa

A

thin, nonkeratinized, stratified squamous epithelium

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10
Q

attached gingival

A

thick, keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium often showing stippled surface

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11
Q

free gingiva + attached gingiva =

A

keratinized tissue

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12
Q

what’s better, thick or thin keratin layer?

A

thicker is better

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13
Q

oral cavity proper

A

space contained within the upper and lower dental arches

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14
Q

anterior and lateral boundaries of oral cavity proper

A

lingual surfaces of teeth and corresponding alveolar processes

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15
Q

posterior, superior, and inferior boundaries of oral cavity proper?

A

posterior: palatoglossal arch
superior: hard palate
inferior: mylohyoid muscle

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16
Q

superior (nasal) surface of hard palate covered with _____ and inferior surface covered with _____

A

superior surface covered with respiratory mucosa

inferior surface covered with oral mucosa

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17
Q

hard palate bones

A
  • palatal processes of maxillae form the anterior two-thirds of the hard palate
  • horizontal plates of the palatine bones form the posterior third of the hard palate
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18
Q

sutures of hard palate

A
  • median palatine (maxillary palatal process)

- transverse palatine (palatal processes of maxilla and palatine bone)

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19
Q

foramina of hard palate

A
  1. incisive foramen : distally to maxillary central incisors transmits the nasopalatine vessels and nerves
  2. greater palatine foramen: medially to roots of the 3rd molar and transmits the greater palatine vessels and nerve
  3. lesser palatine foramen: posteriorly to greater palatine foramen and transmits the lesser palatine vessels and nerves
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20
Q

what nerve supplies the hard palate?

A

greater palatine nerve

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21
Q

what nerve supplies the soft palate?

A

lesser palatine nerve

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22
Q

what ganglion is associated with oral cavity?

A

pterygopalatine ganglion

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23
Q

nasopalatine nerve

A

supplies lingual gingiva and palatal mucosa anterior to maxillary canines

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24
Q

greater palatine nerves

A

supply lingual gingiva and palatal mucosa from maxillary canines posteriorly

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25
Q

lesser palatine nerve

A
  • arises from the pterygopalatine ganglion
  • drops inferiorly through lesser palatine canal –> oral aspect of palate posterior to greater foramen
    supply the soft palate mucosa
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26
Q

blood supply of oral cavity

A

nasopalatine artery
greater palatine artery
lesser palatine artery

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27
Q

palatal gingiva and mucosa attached to ______

A

alveolar bone (mucoperiosteum)

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28
Q

what has no bone framework –aponeurosis?

A

soft palate

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29
Q

2 main functions of soft palate

A
  • closure of oropharyngeal isthmus

- closure of oropharynx from nasopharynx

30
Q

structure of soft palate

A
  1. mucosal lining (nasal mucosa superiorly, oral mucosa inferiorly)
  2. palatal mucous glands below the mucosa
  3. membranous palatine aponeurosis
  4. five paired skeletal muscles, which attach to aponeurosis
31
Q

palatopharyngeus

A

origin: palatine aponeurosis
insertion: lateral wall of pharynx
forms posterior pillar (palatopharyngeal arch)
action: elevates pharynx and larynx; closes oral cavity from oropharynx
inervation: CN X (vagus nerve)

32
Q

palatoglossus

A

origin: palatine aponeurosis
insertion: side of tongue
forms anterior pillar (palatoglossal arch)
action: approximates the tongue and soft palate; closes oral cavity from oropharynx
innervation: CN X (vagus nerve)

33
Q

levator veli palatini

A

origin: auditory tube
insertion: palatine aponeurosis
action: elevates soft palate to seal nasopharynx from oropharynx during swallowing
innervation: CN X
more medial

34
Q

tensor veli palatine

A

origin: auditory tube (bony part–temporal bone)
insertion: palatine aponeurosis (hooks over Hamulus)
action: tenses soft palate
innervation: V3 (all others innervated by vagus)

35
Q

uvular muscle

A

origin: posterior nasal spine
insertion: submucosa of uvula
action: elevates uvula to help seal nasopharynx
innervation: CN X

36
Q

all palatal muscles except for ______ receive a motor supply by ________. The ______ is supplied by motor branches of _______.

A

all palatal muscles except for the tensor veli palatini muscle receive a motor supply from the vagus nerve. The tensor veli palatini muscle is supplied by motor branches of the mandibular nerve (V3)

37
Q

descending palatine artery

A

arises from maxillary artery (3rd part)

- supplies nasal cavity (inferior meatus), hard palate, maxillary gingiva, soft palate, nasal septum

38
Q

body of the tongue

A

anterior two thirds of tongue

39
Q

root of tongue

A

posterior third (oropharynx) of tongue

40
Q

sulcus terminalis

A

V-shaped groove, the apex of which points posteriorly in midline
- divides tongue into anterior two-thirds and posterior third

41
Q

foramen cecum

A

small pit at apex of sulcus terminalis

42
Q

dorsum

A

superior and posterior roughened aspects of tongue

43
Q

sublingual surface

A

covered with thin, transparent muscosa thru which you can see many underlying vessels

44
Q

lingual frenulum

A

fold of mucous membrane; from the floor of mouth, to inferior surface of tongue

45
Q

4 types of papilla on dosum of tongue

A

a. vallate (circumvallate)
b. fungiform
c. filiform
d. foliate

46
Q

filiform papillae

A

most numerous
thread shaped and sensitive to tactile stimuli
only lingual papillae without taste buds

47
Q

foliate papillae

A

on lateral margins of tongue

48
Q

fungiform papillae

A

mushroom-shaped and containing mechanical and thermal receptors and taste buds

49
Q

vallate (circumvallate) papillae

A

circular and large (2 mm diameter)

  • 12 of them are placed in V shaped row anterior and parallel to sulcus terminalis
  • each surrounded by circular trough, or moat
50
Q

extrinsic muscles of tongue

A

originate from remote structures and insert into tongue (3 pairs)

51
Q

intrinsic muscles of tongue

A

originate from tongue and insert into tongue (3 pairs)

52
Q

genioglossus

A

extrinsic

origin: superior mental spine (genial tubercle)
insertion: entire extension of ventral surface of tongue
action: protrusion of tongue
innervation: CN XII (hypoglossal)

53
Q

hyoglossus

A

extrinsic

origin: hyoid bone
insertion: lateral aspect of tongue
action: pull the sides of tongue downward and depress dorsum of tongue
innervation: CN XII (hypoglossal)

54
Q

styloglossus muscle

A

extrinsic

origin: styloid process
insertion: lateral aspect of tongue
action: draw up sides of tongue to create a trough for swallowing. Also help in retracting tongue
innervation: CN XII (hypoglossal)

55
Q

accessory extrinsic muscles of tongue

A

infrahyoid and suprahyoid

move hyoid bone up and down and with it the base of the tongue

56
Q

longitudinal muscle

A

intrinsic
-runs anteroposterior direction and distributed as superior and inferior bundles
action- shortens tongue
nerve supply- hypoglossal nerve ( CN XII)

57
Q

transverse muscle

A

intrinsic
fibers run horizontally at right angles just below superior longitudinal bundle
-action: narrows the tongue; elongates the tongue
-nerve supply: hypoglossal nerve ( CN XII)

58
Q

vertical muscle

A

intrinsic

  • runs from the dorsum of the tongue down to the inferior surface
  • action: widens and flattens the tongue
  • nerve supply: hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
59
Q

general sensation of tongue

A
  • lingual nerve (branch of V3) carries general sensation from anterior two-thirds of the tongue
  • glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) carries general sensation from posterior third of tongue
  • vagus nerve (X) carries general sensation from area surrounding epiglottis
60
Q

special sensation of tongue

A
  • taste
  • facial nerve (CN VII) via chorda tympani conveys taste sensation from anterior two thirds of tongue
  • glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) carries taste sensation from posterior third of tongue
  • vagus nerve (X) carries taste sensation from the area surrounding the epiglottis
61
Q

major salivary glands

A

parotid, submandibular, sublingual

62
Q

parotid gland

A

location: parotid region
secretion: serous (watery secretions)
duct: parotid duct – travels anteriorly along lateral border of masster, rolls over anterior border of masseter to piece cheek, and empties into oral cavity at occlusal level 2nd max molar

63
Q

cranial nerve supply of parotid

A

presynaptic fibers from glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

postsynaptic fibers: otic ganglion through auriculotemporal nerve

64
Q

submandibular

A

location: submandibular fossa of mandible
secretion: mixed seromucous
duct: continues forward from deep portion of gland and empties into oral cavity behind lower central incisors

65
Q

sublingual

A

location: floor of mouth, medial to sublingual fossa of mandible, above the mylohyoid muscle
secretion: mucous gland
duct: open directly into oral cavity through openings in sublingual fold

66
Q

cranial nerve supply of submand, sublingual

A

presynaptic from chorda tympani (VII)

postsynaptic from submandibular ganglion through lingual nerve

67
Q

minor salivary glands produce—-

A

5-8% of total output

labial glands, palatine glands, pharyngeal glands

68
Q

nerve supply of accessory salivary glands

A

presynaptic fibers from superior salivary nucleus via CN VII–greater petrosal nerve
synapse–pterygopalatine ganglion
postsynaptic fibers via pharyngeal nerve, descending palatine and nasal nerves supply the glands

69
Q

uppper gingiva supplied by

A

anterior superior alveolar nerve
middle superior alveolar nerve
posterior superior alveolar nerve
greater palatine and nasal palatine?

70
Q

lower gingiva supplied by

A

long buccal
mental
lingual

71
Q

upper teeth supplied by

A

anterior superior alveolar
middle superior alveolar
posterior superior alveolar

72
Q

lower teeth supplied by

A

inferior alveolar nerve

Cranio Exam 2 (11 decks)

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