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OTA 1050 > TMJ > Flashcards

TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

What is TMJ?

A

Temporomandibular Joint

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2
Q

Where is the TMJ located?

A

Anterior to ear and the posterior, superior end of the jaw

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3
Q

What kind of joint is the TMJ?

A

Hinge Like Joint (has gliding motion)

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4
Q

What bones are involved in the TMJ?

A

Mandible, Temporal Bone, Disk

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5
Q

What motions happen at the TMJ?

A

Elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, lateral deviation

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6
Q

What are the primary muscles of the TMJ?

A

Temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid

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7
Q

What motions occur at the Temporalis?

A

Bilateral elevation, bilateral retraction, same side unilateral deviation

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8
Q

What motions occur at the masseter?

A

Bilateral elevation, same side unilateral deviation

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9
Q

what motions occur at the medial pterygoid

A

bilateral elevation, bilateral protraction, opposite side lateral deviation

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10
Q

What motions occur at the lateral pterygoid

A

bilateral protraction, bilateral depression, opposite side lateral deviation

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11
Q

What are some other muscles involved in the TMJ? (not primary)

A

suprahyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohoid, digastric, infrahyoid, sternohyoid, sternothroid, throhyoid, omohyoid

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12
Q

What is the innervation of TMJ

A

Cranial Nerves 5,7, and 12

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13
Q

What bones are on the head and face?

A

frontal[pg199,200], parietal[pg199,200], temporal (mastoid process)[pg99,200], sphenoid[pg199,200], occipital[pg199,200], nasal[pg199,200], zygomatic[pg200], maxilla[pg199,200], mandible[pg199,200], temporomandibular joint[pg202], foramen magnum[pg213]

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14
Q

What bones are all included in the thorax

A

ribs (pg236), costovertebral joints (pg236), Thoracic Vertebrae (pg212), Sternum(pg117)

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15
Q

What movements occur at the Thorax

A

gliding/rotating, UP(elevation) and Out with inspiration, DOWN (depression) and in with expiration

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16
Q

What are two ways to change thoracic volume?

A

Move the ribs and lower the diaphragm

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17
Q

What are the three muscles of Respiration?

A

Diaphragm, External Intercostals, Internal Intercostals

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18
Q

What is the action of the Diaphragm during respiration?

A

Inspiration

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19
Q

What is the action of the External Intercostals during respiration?

A

Elevate ribs

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20
Q

What is the action of the Internal Intercostals?

A

Depressing the ribs

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21
Q

What are the deep inspiration muscles? (part of the accessory inspiratory muscles)

A

Sternocleidomastoid, pectoralis major, scalenes, levator costarum, serratus posterior superior

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22
Q

What are the forced inspiration muscles?( part of the accessory inspiratory muscles)

A

Reversal muscle action of levator scapula, upper trapezius, rhomboids, pectoralis minor

23
Q

What are the forced expiration muscles? (part of the accessory expiratory muscles)

A

Rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis superior, quadratus lumborum, serratus posterior inferior

24
Q

What phases of respiration are there in inspiration?

A

Quiet inspiration, deep inspiration, forced inspiration

25
Q

What muscles are working in quiet inspiration

A

diaphragm, external intercostals

26
Q

What muscles are working in deep inspiration

A

diaphragm, external intercostals, sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, pectoralis major, levator costarum, serratus posterior superior

27
Q

What muscles are working in forced inspiration

A

diaphragm, external intercostals stenorcleidomastiod, scalenes, pectoralis major, levator costarum, serratus posteror superior, levator scapula, upper trapezius, rhombids, pectoralis minor

28
Q

What phases of expiration are there

A

quiet expiration, forced expiration

29
Q

what muscles work in quiet expiration

A

relaxation of diaphragm, external intercostals, elastic recoil of thoracic wall, lungs, and bronchi, gravity

30
Q

what muscles work in forced expiration

A

internal intercostals, rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, quadratus lumborum, transverse abdominis, serratus posterior inferior

31
Q

What is the bony components housing the spinal cord

A

spinal column

32
Q

What are the bones in the neck and trunk

A

occipital bone, foramen magnum, cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum vertebrae, coccyx vertebrae

33
Q

What type of joint is the intervertebral joints

A

facet joints, triaxial

34
Q

What ligaments are in the neck and trunk

A

anterior longitudinal, posterior longitudinal, supraspinal, interspinal, ligamentum flavum

35
Q

What are the motions of the neck and trunk

A

flexion, extension, hyperextension, lateral flexion(bending), rotation, cervical only (retraction and protraction)

36
Q

How many bones are there in the spinal column

A

33

37
Q

How many curves are there in the spinal column ad what are their names?

A

4, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral

38
Q

What is the shape of the cervical curve

A

anterior (convex)

39
Q

what is the shape of the thoracic curve

A

posterior (concave)

40
Q

What is the shape of the lumbar curve

A

anterior (convex)

41
Q

What is the shape of the sacral curve

A

posterior (concave)

42
Q

What is the abnormal increase in throacic curve

A

kyphosis

43
Q

what is an abnormal increase in lumbar curve

A

lordosis

44
Q

what is an excessive lateral curve usually in thoracic region

A

scoliosis

45
Q

what is the purpose of the curves in the spinal column

A

provide strength/stability approx. 10x more than straight rod and keeps center of gravity

46
Q

What is the functions of the spinal column

A
  1. maintain body in upright posture 2. protect spinal cord 3. provides pivot point for motion while supporting head
47
Q

How many cervical vertebrae are there

A

7, smallest of vertebrae

48
Q

why does the spinous process have a bifid split

A

attachment of all the muscles which provide neck movement

49
Q

what is the foramen in each transverse process for

A

holding blood vessels

50
Q

How many thoracic vertebrae are there

A

12, longer and more vertical

51
Q

What are the facets on the thoracic vertebra for

A

12 pairs of ribs to articulate

52
Q

How many Lumbar vertebrae are there

A
  1. largest, thick spinous processes
53
Q

How many sacral vertebrae are there

A

5 (fused), fused during growth process

OTA 1050 (6 decks)

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